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CUSTOMS COURTS ACT

95-2

HEARING

BEFORE THE

SUBCOMMITTEE ON

IMPROVEMENTS IN JUDICIAL MACHINERY

OF THE

COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY
UNITED STATES SENATE

NINETY-FIFTH CONGRESS

SECOND SESSION

ON

S. 2857,..

TO CLARIFY AND REVISE VARIOUS PROVISIONS OF TITLE 28
OF THE UNITED STATES CODE RELATING TO THE JUDICIARY
AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE REGARDING JUDICIAL REVIEW
OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE MATTERS, AND FOR OTHER

PURPOSES

32-626 O

JUNE 23 AND 27, 1978

Printed for the use of the Committee on the Judiciary

[blocks in formation]

COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY

JAMES O. EASTLAND, Mississippi, Chairman

EDWARD M. KENNEDY, Massachusetts

BIRCH BAYH, Indiana

ROBERT C. BYRD, West Virginia
JAMES ABOUREZK, South Dakota
JAMES R. ALLEN, Alabama
JOSEPH R. BIDEN, JR., Delaware
JOHN C. CULVER, Iowa

HOWARD M. METZENBAUM, Ohio
DENNIS DECONCINI, Arizona
PAUL HATFIELD, Montana

STROM THURMOND, South Carolina
CHARLES MCC. MATHIAS, JR., Maryland
WILLIAM L. SCOTT, Virginia

PAUL LAXALT, Nevada
ORRIN G. HATCH, Utah
MALCOLM WALLOP, Wyoming

FRANCIS C. ROSENBERGER, Chief Counsel and Staff Director

SUBCOMMITTEE ON IMPROVEMENTS IN JUDICIAL MACHINERY DENNIS DECONCINI, Arizona, Chairman

JOSEPH R. BIDEN, JR., Delaware ROBERT C. BYRD, West Virginia

2520837

MALCOLM WALLOP, Wyoming

ROMANO ROMANI, Staff Director

ROBERT E. FEIDLER, Counsel
MICHAEL J. ALTIER, Deputy Counsel

(II)

CONTENTS

Text of the bill:

S. 2857, 95th Congress, 2d session__.

Opening statement: Hon. Dennis DeConcini, U.S. Senator from Arizona,

chairman, Subcommittee on Improvements in Judicial Machinery---

Witnesses:

Barbara Babcock, Assistant Attorney General, Civil Division, Depart-

ment of Justice, accompanied by: David Cohen, Chief, Customs

Section

Hon. Edward D. Re, Chief Judge, U.S. Customs Court, accompanied

by: Joseph E. Lombardi, Clerk of the Court---

Thaddeus Rojek, Chief Counsel, U.S. Customs Service, accompanied

by: Richard H. Abbey, Deputy Chief Counsel, and R. Theodore

Hume, Assistant Chief Counsel..

Michael H. Stein, General Counsel, U.S. International Trade Commis-

sion, accompanied by: Edward Easton, attorney, Office of the Gen-

eral Counsel___.

Robert E. Herzstein, chairman, Standing Committee on Customs Law,

American Bar Association, accompanied by: Joseph S. Kaplan,

Chairman, Subcommittee on Customs Courts and Procedures, Sec-

tion of International Law---.

Simon Katz, chairman, Importers Rights Committee, American Im-

porters Association, accompanied by: Barry Neummers, staff at-

torney

Leonard C. Meeker, Consumers Union of the United States, Ir.

James C. Trombetta, president, John F. Kennedy Airport Brokers

Association, Inc., accompanied by: Carl R. Soller, attorney.----

Alphabetical listing of witnesses:

Babcock, Barbara, Assistant Attorney General, Civil Division, De-

partment of Justice, accompanied by: Cohen, David, Chief, Customs

Section

Herzstein, Robert E., chairman, Standing Committee on Customs
Law, American Bar Association, accompanied by Kaplan, Joseph S.,
chairman, Subcommittee on Customs Courts and Procedures, Sec-
tion of International Law...

Katz, Simon, chairman, Importers Rights Committee, American Im-

porters Association, accompanied by: Nemmers, Barry, staff at-

torney

Meeker, Leonard C., Consumers Union of the United States, Inc.--
Re, Hon. Edward D., Chief Judge, U.S. Customs Court, accompanied
by: Lombardi, Joseph E., Clerk of the Court____
Rojek, Thaddeus, Chief Counsel, U.S. Customs Service, accompanied
by: Abbey, Richard H., Deputy Chief Counsel, and Hume, R. Theo-
dore, Assistant Chief Counsel..

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Stein, Michael H., General Counsel, U.S. International Trade Com-
mission, accompanied by: Easton, Edward, attorney, Office of the
General Counsel__

80

Trombetta, James C., president, John F. Kennedy Airport Brokers
Association, accompanied by: Soller, Carl R., attorney.

(III)

113

Opening Statement: Hon. Dennis DeConcini. U.S. Senator from Arizona,

chairman, Subcommittee on Improvements in Judicial Machinery....__

Witnesses:

Hon. Howard T. Markey, Chief Judge, U.S. Court of Customs and

Patent Appeals---

Peter M. Gerhart, Assistant Professor of Law, Ohio State University

and Consultant to the Administrative Conference of the United

States, accompanied by: Jeffrey S. Lubbers, staff attorney, Office

of the Administrative Conference of the United States__

Andrew P. Vance, attorney, representing the Association of the

Customs Bar__.

Dr. Rudolph Oswald, director of research, AFL-CIO, accompanied by :

Elizabeth Jager, economist__.

Wayne Jarvis, counsel, St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Co., accom-

panied by Jeffrey W. Sachs, Regional Surety Counsel, and William

C. Gustafson, Custom Surety Bond Underwriting Manager_.

Donald W. Paley, representing the New York County Lawyers Associ-

ation, accompanied by: Norman Schwartz, attorney.

Alphabetical listing of witnesses:

Gerhart, Peter M., Assistant Professor of Law, Ohio State University

and Consultant to the Administrative Conference of the United

States, accompanied by: Lubbers, Jeffrey S., staff attorney, Office

of the Administrative Conference of the United States----

Jarvis, Wayne, counsel, St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance Co., accom-
panied by Sachs, Jeffrey W., Regional Surety Counsel, and Gustaf-
son, William C., Custom Surety Bond Underwriting Manager__
Markey, Hon. Howard T., Chief Judge, U.S. Court of Customs and
Patent Appeals__

Oswald, Dr. Rudolph, Director of Research, AFL-CIO, accompanied
by: Jager, Elizabeth, Economist___

222

118

211

Paley, Donald W., representing the New York County Lawyers Associ-
ation, accompanied by: Schwartz, Norman, attorney-

236

Vance, Andrew P., attorney, representing the Association of the
Customs Bar___.

144

July 25, 1978 letter of Donald R. Hummel, Jr., President, National Page
Customs Brokers & Forwarders Association of America, Inc.‒‒‒‒
July 31, 1978 letter of Leonard C. Meeker, attorney, representing
Consumer Union of the United States, Inc----

300

307

August 4, 1978 letter of Jeffrey Lubbers, staff attorney, Office of the
Administrative Conference of the United States.

308

August 7, 1978 letter of Thaddeus Rojek, Chief Counsel, U.S. Customs
Service

310

August 15, 1978 letter of Dr. Rudolph Oswald, Director of Research,
AFL-CIO

312

"A Primer on Customs Court Practice," by Hon. Paul P. Rao, Associate Judge, U.S. Customs Court, from 40 Brooklyn Law Review 581, Winter 1974

313

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