under General Miles to Puerto Rico was undertaken. Landing on the south coast, the American soldiers were received with cordial welcome by the people, the Spanish troops falling back toward the stronghold of San Juan. During the progress of this campaign, peace negotiations were begun at the instance of Spain. On August 12th, the French Ambassador, Jules Cambon, acting for Spain, and William R. Day, Secretary of State of the United States, signed a protocol of peace, and orders were given to cease hostilities. By the terms of the protocol, Spain relinquished all claim of sovereignty over and title to Cuba, ceded Puerto Rico to the United States, and referred the future of the Philippine Islands to a commission which should draw up a definite treaty of peace. The closing battle of the war occurred the day after the signing of the protocol. Admiral Dewey, with the fleet, and General Merritt, with an army which had been sent to support the navy, made a combined attack upon the city of Manila, which soon surrendered. Congress again showed its gratitude; it re-established the rank of admiral, thereby permitting President McKinley to raise Rear Admiral Dewey to the position hitherto filled only by Admirals Farragut and Porter. Five commissioners, appointed by the President, met five others who represented Spain, at Paris, October 1st, 1898. Two months later a treaty was concluded which ratified the protocol in every point and further provided that the Philippine Islands be ceded to the United States and that the United States should pay to Spain the sum of $20,000,000. The proposed treaty was brought before the Senate of the United States, and, after full discussion, was ratified February 6th, 1899. March 17th the Queen Regent of Spain also signed the treaty, and peace between the two nations was officially declared. The close of the war brought new questions to the front, which must be thoughtfully answered by the American people. By her great victories the United States leaped to the first rank as a naval power. The forms of government adapted to the new possessions require careful study. Party politics must be subordinated to patriotism, if the new issues are to be satisfactorily decided. INDEX. (The numbers refer to paragraphs, not to pages.) ABERCROMBIE, James, in command, 150. Acadia, expedition against, 146. Adams, J. Q., life of, 463 n; elected Presi- Adams, Samuel, life of, 231 n; opposes 1789, 393; in 1825, 457; in 1896, 733. "Alabama" claims, 656. Alaska, purchase of, 652. Amendments to the United States Consti- America, origin of the name, 10; bounda- American Colonization Society, 513. "American System,” 463. Amherst, Lord, in command, 151; at Ti- Amsterdam, Pilgrims at, 50. André, John, interview with Arnold, 348; Andros, Sir Edmund, governor of New Albany, settlement of, 71; before the Revo- Anti-slavery, petitions, 404, 517; societies, lution, 166. 516; later movements, 518. Apache Indians, 103. Appalache Indians, 103. Appomattox, surrender at, 626. Aquidnec, R. I., settlement at, 67. Arbuthnot, Marriot, British admiral, 341. Arkansas, admission of, 475; history and (The numbers refer to paragraphs, not to pages.) Army, enrollment in, 638; review of, 639; | Bennington, battle of, 303. Berkeley, Lord, proprietor of West Jersey, Arnold, Benedict, at Fort Ticonderoga, Beverly, Mass., cotton mills at, 458. Ashe, John, at Brier Creek, 337. Atlanta, capture of, 619. Atlantic cable, 649 n. Audubon, J. J., naturalist, 710. Blaine, J. G., life of, 674 n; candidate for "Bland Silver Bill," 679. Block Island, Endicott at, 110. Bond issues, 680. Booth, J. W., assassinates Lincoln, 629. Augusta, Ga., occupation of, 336; attack Boscawen, Edward, British admiral, 151. upon, 342; capture of, 358. Australian ballot, 689. Austria-Hungary, emigration from, 718. BAKER, E. D., death of, 562. Balboa, discovery by, II. Ball's Bluff, battle of, 562. Baltimore, settlement of, 77; centre of Bancroft, George, historian, 709. Boston, settlement of, 60; before the Revo- Bowditch, Nathaniel, mathematician, 710. Bowling Green, fortifications at, 565; evac- Bank of the United States, 402; second, Braddock, Edward, in command, 145; de- Banks, Nathaniel P., in the Shenandoah Baptists in Rhode Island, 183. Bell, John, candidate for President, 533 n. feat of, 147. Bradford, William, governor of Plymouth, Bradstreet, John, at Frontenac, 152. Breckinridge, J. C., elected Vice-President, Bryant, W. C., poet, 707. (The numbers refer to paragraphs, not to pages.) Buchanan, Franklin, at Mobile Bay, 623. Buckner, S. B., at Fort Donelson, 568. Bull Run, first battle of, 559; second battle Bunker Hill, battle of, 253–262. Burke, Edmund, supports the colonies, 230. Cape Ann visited by Gosnold, 30; fishing Cape Charles named, 38. Cape of Good Hope, discovery of, 5. Carolana named, 19; granted by Charles I., Carolina, colony of, 88; Church of England "Carpet Baggers," 668. Carteret, Sir George, proprietor of East Carthage, battle of, 564. Cartier, James, settles Montreal, 17, 122. Burr, Aaron, at Quebec, 269; elected Vice- Centennial Exhibition, 663. Central Pacific Railroad, 659. Butler, B. F., at New Orleans, 574; at Cerro Gordo, battle of, 494. Chadd's Ford, on the Brandywine, 298. Buzzard's Bay visited by Gosnold, 30. dent, 672. Champe, John, and Arnold, 352. Chapultepec, capture of, 495. CABOT, John, discovers North America, 9. Chancellorsville, battle of, 594. California, conquest of, 492; applies for Charles IX., favors the Huguenots, 18. Charlestown, settlement of, 59; burning of, Charlotte, Va., Burgoyne's army at, 311. Charters, removal or, 191. Cambridge, headquarters of colonial army, Chase, S. P., life of, 633 n; Secretary of Canby, E. R. S., receives surrender of Chicago, fire in, 662. Taylor, 627. Chickamauga, battle of, 609. Cano completes voyage around the world, Chihuahua, capture of, 492. 12. Chinese immigration, 695. Chippewa, battle of, 440. (The numbers refer to paragraphs, not to pages.) Church of England, in the colonies, 179. Civil Service Reform, 687, 736. Civil War, results of, 643. Clarendon, Earl of, proprietor of Carolina, Clark, Sir James, death of, 309. preparations of, 7; discovers Guanahani, Columbus, fortifications at, 565; evacu- Comanche Indians, 103. Commerce, in the colonies, 171; in 1789, 395; in 1896, 731; interstate, 690. Clark, G. R., life of, 325 n; in the north- Conant, Roger, at Naumkeag, 57. west, 326, 327. Classes in the colonies, 167. Clatsop Indians, 103. Clay, Henry, life of, 513 n; Speaker of the Concord, battle of, 245. Confederate States of America, formed, 536; granted belligerent powers, 577- Congress, powers of, 386; first and second, Cleaveland, Benjamin, at King's Moun- "Congress" and "Merrimac," 578. tain, 345. "Clermont," trial trip of, 456. Cleveland, Grover, life of, 680 n; elected Clinton, De Witt, candidate for President, Clinton, George, in the Continental Con- gress, 263; elected Vice-President, 432. "Clinton's Big Ditch," 457 n. Coasting trade, 395. Cole, Thomas, artist, 712. Colfax, Schuyler, elected Vice-President, Connecticut, colony of, 64; Constitution, Convention, at Annapolis, 378; the Federal, Conway Cabal, 320. Cooper, J. F., novelist, 706. Coligny, Gaspard de, life of, 18 n; aids the Cooper, Lord Ashley, proprietor of Caro- lina, 88. Copley, J. S., artist, 712. Corinth, held by Confederates, 569; held |