was one of the earlier towns, whose charter evidently did not make the reservations which later became customary. In 1721 the town, "Voted, that-the next proprietor that shall forfeit his lott, the same shall be appropriated for a school."

30

(d) Vermont.

When we come to Vermont our evidence is far less satisfactory. Out of a total of sixteen towns, all but two of which had school rights, the histories account for these rights in only seven cases. Of these one, Guildhall, rented its school lands in 1799 at the rate of $2 per acre (valuation), on which six per cent. interest per annum was collected down to 1886. Montpelier leased one division of her lands in 1795, at the rate of Is 5d per acre.

In Middlebury32 the rent of the school land is said to have been $119 about 1856. In three other towns the lands were leased; the amount paid in one instance come of one hundred dollars.

yielding an annual in

In the case of the town of Salisbury,34 it appears that the intent of the charter was defeated by the proprietors, who laid out a part of the school right on the mountain, where the lands were worthless.

Chamberlain, History of Guildhall, p. 101.

31 Thompson, History of Montpelier, p. 69.

22 History of Middlebury, p 369.

See History of Bradford, p. 69.

4 Weeks, History of Salisbury, p. 43.

APPENDIX II.

NOTES ON THE CONNECTICUT INFLUENCE IN PENNSYLVANIA.

The first settlements of Connecticut people in Pennsylvania. were made under the auspices of the Susquehanna Company, about 1769. "At a meeting of the Susquehanna Company held at Hartford, Connecticut, 28th December, 1768, it was voted to lay out five townships of land within the purchase of said Company, on the Susquehanna, of five miles square each; that the first forty settlers of the first town settled, and fifty settlers of each of the other towns settled, shall divide the towns among themselves; reserving and appropriating three whole shares or rights in each township, for the public use of a Gospel Ministry and schools in each of said towns; and also reserving for the use of said Company, all beds and mines of iron ore and coal that may be within said townships.

"It was also voted to grant to Dr. Eleazer Wheelock, a tract of land in the easterly part of the Susquehanna purchase, ten miles long and six miles wide, for the use of the Indian school under his care; Provided, he shall set up and keep said school on the premises."

The Indian school was not planted. Wheelock went to New Hampshire and founded Dartmouth. The lands to be reserved in each township were laid out as intended, and "in a general way the whole was set apart for school purposes, but in a number of instances land was voted for the support of Ministers of the Gospel. The funds arising from the sale of these lands were not husbanded as they might have been, but in some townships they still exist and are used for the benefit of the public schools. The schools as well as other local affairs were managed, as in New England, by a general town meeting.

"This system substantially continued in operation in the Wyoming region up to the time of the adoption of the common school system in 1834, when, with little change and no disturbance, it was merged into it; and, as the nearest approach to our modern public schools of any class of schools then known in Pennsylvania, it had considerable influence in shaping the school legislation which culminated in the act of 1834. It was Timothy Pickering of Luzerne who, in the Constitutional convention of 1790, secured the adoption of the article on education upon which was subsequently based the whole body of laws relating to common schools in Pennsylvania, up to the year 1874; and by so doing saved the convention from the threatened danger of committing itself to a much narrower policy.'

9935

"Wickersham, History of Education in Pennsylvania, pp. 74-77.

The por

tion starred is quoted by Wickersham, page 75, but no citation is given to show its origin. See on Pickering's work in the convention, Ibid., pp. 255-260.

BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Sources.

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Burt. The First Century of the History of Springfield. The Official Records from 1636-1736. Springfield, 1898. Chamberlayne. The Present State of Great Britain. 2 parts. London, 1708. Book of same title. London, 1726. Concord, N. H. Town Records of. 1732-1820. Concord, 1894. Connecticut Historical Society. Collections. Hartford, 1895. Dedham, Massachusetts. The Early Records of the Town of. 1636-1659. A Complete Transcript of Book one of the General Records of the Town, Together with the Selectman's Day Book covering a portion of the same time. Volume III of the printed Records of the Town. Dedham, 1892. Dedham. Transcript of Book three of the General Records of the Town. 1659-1673. Printed Records. Vol. IV. Dedham, 1894.

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14

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