local exertion, under certain conditions, to maintain

(a.) Elementary schools for children (Article 4); and

(b.) Training colleges for teachers (Article 83).

4. An elementary school is a school, or department of a school, at which elementary education is the principal part of the education there given, and does not include any school or department of a school at which the ordinary payments, in respect of the instruction, from each scholar, exceed ninepence a week (Elementary Education Act, 1870, sec. 3).

5. Áid to maintain schools is given by annual grants to the managers conditional upon the attendance and proficiency of the scholars, the qualifications of the teachers, and the state of the schools.

6. No grants are made to schools which are not public elementary schools within the meaning of the Elementary Education Act, 1870.

7. No grant is made for or in respect of

(a.) Any instruction in religious subjects (Elementary Education Act, 1870, sec. 97).

(b.) Any school which is not previously in receipt of an annual grant, if the Department think that the school is unnecessary.

8. Officers are employed to verify the fulfilment of the conditions on which grants are made, to collect information, and to report the results to the Department.

9. These officers are inspectors appointed by Her Majesty, on the recommendation of the Department, and persons employed by the Department, as occasion requires, in the capacity of acting inspectors, inspectors' assistants, or auditors of accounts.

10. No grant is paid except on a report from an inspector, showing that the conditions of the grant have been fulfilled, unless some unforeseen cause (such as a continued epidemic) makes it impossible for the inspector to visit, and report upon, the school.

10 (a). The inspector may delegate to an assistant the duty of examining into the attendance and proficiency of the scholars.

11. The Department, at the time of agreeing to place a school on the list of those to which grants may be made, informs the managers in what month to look for the inspector's annual visit. This month remains the same from year to year, unless the Department

informs the managers of a change. Notice of the day of the inspector's annual visit is given beforehand to the managers.

12. An inspector may visit any public elementary school at any other time without notice.

13. Grants are issued to each elementary school only once per annum. The year for this purpose is reckoned as ending with the last day (inclusive) of the month preceding that fixed for the inspector's annual visit.

Exceptions:

An instalment of the grant conditionally due may be paid

(a.) When the inspector's visit is postponed, owing to a change in the month of inspection (Article 11), for three months or upwards.

(b.) When from an epidemic, or other unavoidable cause, the inspection cannot be held within three months after the date at which the grant is due.

14. No school is placed on the list for inspection (Article 11) till an application has been addressed to the Secretary, Education Department, Whitehall, London, S.W.

Full instructions are thereupon issued according to the particulars of the

case.

15. (a.) The managers of a school must appoint a correspondent with the Department, and must give notice of any change of correspondent.

(b.) Teachers cannot act as managers of, or correspondents for, the schools in which they are employed; nor can they be recognised by the Department as members or officers of school boards. (c.) The term managers includes(1.) The school board of any district. (2.) The managers of a school appointed by a school board under section 15 of the Education Act, 1870.

(3.) The managers of any other public elementary school.

CHAPTER I.

GRANTS TO ESTABLISH ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS.

BUILDING GRANTS.

16. It is provided by section 96 of the "Elementary Education Act, 1870," that "After the thirty-first day of March one thousand eight hundred and seventy-one no parliamentary

grant shall be made to any elementary school which is not a public elementary school within the meaning of this Act;" and that

"No parliamentary grant shall be made in aid of building, enlarging, improving, or fitting up any elementary school, except in pursuance of a memorial duly signed, and containing the information required by the Education Department for enabling them to decide on the application, and sent to the Education Department on or before the 31st day of December, 1870."

Subject to these conditions, building grants are made upon the terms of Articles 22-37 of the Code of 1870.

CHAPTER II.

ANNUAL GRANTS.

PART I.-ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS.

Section I.-Preliminary Conditions.

17. Before any grant is made to a school (Article 4) the Department must be satisfied that

(a.) The school is conducted as a public elementary school (Article 6); and no child is refused admission to the school on other than reasonable grounds.

(b.) The school is not carried on under the management of any person or persons who derive emolument from it.

(c.) The school premises are healthy, well lighted, warmed, drained, and ventilated, properly furnished, supplied with suitable offices, and contain in the principal school-room and class-rooms at least 80 cubic feet of internal space, and 8 square feet of area, for each child in average attendance.

(d.) The principal teacher is certificated (Article 43), and is not allowed to undertake duties, not connected with the school, which occupy any part whatever of the school hours, or of the time appointed for the special instruction of pupil-teachers (Schedule II., 5). Exception:

The teachers of evening schools need not be certificated, if they are-, (1.) Pupil-teachers who satisfy the conditions of Article 60; or

(2) Upwards of 18 years of age (Article 42), and approved by the inspector.

(e.) Notice is immediately given to the Department of any changes in the school staff (Article 39) which occur in

the course of the year. The first grant to a school is computed from the date at which (1) the appointment of a certificated teacher is notified to, and recognized by, the Department; or (2) the acting teacher passes the examination for a certificate (Article 44).

(f) The girls in a day school are taught plain needlework and cutting out as part of the ordinary course of instruction.

(g.) All returns called for by the Department, or by Parliament, are duly made; the admission and daily attendance of the scholars carefully regis tered by, or under the supervision of, the teacher (Article 67); accounts of income and expenditure accurately kept by the managers, and duly audited; and all statistical returns and certificates of character (Articles 67 77, and 80) may be accepted as trustworthy.

(h.) Three persons have designated one of their number to sign the receipt for the grant on behalf of the school.

Exception:

The treasurer of a school board signs the receipt for grants to schools provided by the board.

(i.) The income of the school is applied only for the purpose of public elementary schools (Elementary Education Act, 1876, sec. 20).

18. The grant may be withheld, if, on the inspector's report, there appears to be any serious primâ facie objection. A second inspection, by another inspector, is made in every such instance, and if the grant be finally withheld, a special minute of the case is made and recorded.

course of the school year; and will not interfere with any method of organisation adopted in a training college under inspection if it is satisfactorily carried out in the school. To meet the requirements respecting discipline, the managers and teachers will be expected to satisfy the inspector that all reasonable care is taken, in the ordinary management of the school, to bring up the children in habits of punctuality, of good manners and language, of cleanliness and neatness, and also to impress upon the children the importance of cheerful obedience to duty, of consideration and respect for others, and of honour and truthfulness in word and act.

B. For every scholar, present on the day of examination (Article 11), who has attended (Article 23) not less than 250 morning or afternoon meetings of the school:

1. If above four, and under seven, years of age at the end of the year (Article 13),

(a.) 8s. if the infants are taught as a class of a school, suitably to their age, and so as not to interfere with the instruction of the older children; or

(b.) 108. if the infants are taught as a separate department, by a certificated teacher of their own, in a room properly constructed and furnished for their instruction.

2. If more than seven years of age, subject to examination (Articles 28, 29),

(a.) 38. for each pass in reading, writing, or arithmetic; or

(b.) 4s. for each such pass in an infant school or department. (Article 19 B. 1 b.).

3. No grant will be paid for any scholar who passes in only one of these three subjects (Article 29 b.)

4. The results of the examination of each scholar will be communicated to the managers.

5. No scholar who has made the prescribed number of attendances may (without a reasonable excuse for absence on the day of the inspector's visit) be withheld from examination.

6. A "child's school book" (see Regulations made by the Department, under section 24 of the Elementary Education Act, 1876), must be deposited with the teacher, in proof of age, by every child admitted to a school after the 1st of January, 1878.

C. 1. The sum of 28. (or 48.) per scholar, according to the average number of children, above seven years of age, in attendance throughout the year

(Article 26), if the classes from which the children are examined in Standards II.-VI., or in specific subjects (Article 21 b.), pass a creditable examination in any one (or two) of the following subjects, viz., grammar, history, elementary geography, and plain needlework.

2. The extent of the examination is indicated by the passages printed in italics in article 28. Needlework must be taught according to a system previously approved by the inspector, who will judge it by specimens worked on the day of inspection, by girls, or classes, selected by him for the purpose; and he will pay regard to the special circumstances of half-time scholars under any labour Act.

3. In districts where Welsh is spoken the intelligence of the children examined under any paragraph of this Article (19), may be tested by requiring them to explain in Welsh the meaning of passages read.

4. No scholar who has made the prescribed number of attendances, or has, at the date of inspection, been for six months on the register, may (without a reasonable excuse for absence on the day of the inspector's visit), be withheld from examination under this paragraph (C.); and one-half of the children so examined must pass creditably.

5. The mode of examination (whether oral or on paper) is left to the discretion of the inspector.

6. Only 18. (or 28.) per head will be paid under this paragraph (C.), unless 10 per cent. of the scholars examined under Article 19 B. 2 (a.) are presented in Standard IV. and upwards.

D. A special grant of 107. (or 157.), subject to a favourable report from the inspector, if the population of the school district in which the school is situate, or within two miles, by the nearest road, of the school is less than 300 (or 200) souls, and there is no other public elementary school recognised by the Department as available for the children of that district or population.

N.B.-This special grant is not taken into account in making a reduction under Article 32 (a).

E. The sum of 40s. (or 60s.) in respect of each pupil-teacher required by Article 32 (c.), who satisfies fairly (or well) the conditions of Article 70 (e.).

F. Payment of the school fees of children who hold honour certificates (see Regulations made by the Department, under section 18 of the Elementary Education Act, 1876).

20. 150 attendances are accepted in place of 250 (Article 19 B.) in the case of scholars who,

(a.) Being ten or, for the present, under ten, if allowed to work halftime by the terms of any special Labour Act, years of age or upwards,

(1.) Are required to attend school half-time under any Act, or byelaw of a local authority; or

(2.) Are certified by the managers to be beneficially and necessarily at work when not at school.

(b.) Reside two miles, or upwards, from the school.

21. If the time-table of the school has provided for the continuous teaching throughout the year of one or more specific subjects of secular instruction according to the table in Schedule IV.

a. A grant of 48. per subject may be made for every day-scholar presented in Standards IV.-VI. (Article 28) who passes a satisfactory examination in not more than two of such subjects.

b. Any scholar who has previously passed in Standard VI. may, if qualified by attendance, be presented for examination in not more than three of such specific subjects.

c. No payment will be made under this Article if less than 75 per cent. of the passes attainable in the Standard Examination, by the scholars presented for examination (Article 28), has been obtained.

d. No grant may be claimed under this Article on account of any scholar who has been examined, in the same subject, within the preceding year, by the Department of Science and Art.

e. A scholar may not be examined a second time in the same stage of a specific subject; nor, after being examined in the first stage of a subject, may the scholar change that subject for another.

f. Every girl presented under this Article must take domestic economy (Schedule IV., column 10) as a subject of examination.

Grants to Evening Schools (Articles 106-112.)

22. The managers of a school which has met not less than 45 times in the

evening, in the course of a year, as defined by Article 107, may claim (Articles 108 and 109),—

(a.) The sum of 48. per scholar, according to the average number in attendance throughout the year (Article 26).

(b.) For every scholar who has, in the year, been under instruction, in secular subjects, for not less than 40 hours during evening meetings of the school 78. 6d., subject to examination (Article 28), viz., 2s. 6d. for passing in reading, 2s. 6d. for passing in writing, and 2s. 6d. for passing in arithmetic.

Calculation of Attendance.

23. Attendance at a morning or afternoon meeting may not be reckoned for any scholar who has been under instruction in secular subjects less than two hours, if above, or one hour and a half if under, seven years of age; nor attendance at an evening meeting for any scholar who has been under similar instruction less than one hour.

24. Attendance of boys at military drill, under a competent instructor, or of girls at lessons in practical cookery, approved by the inspector, may, in a day school, be counted as school attendance for not more than 40 hours in the year, and (in the case of drill) two hours a week.

25. Attendances may not be reckoned for any scholar in a day school under 3 or above 18, or, in an evening school, under 12 or above 21, years of