in the belief that decisive action would be taken in due season and in a proper way. To-day all over this land the appeal comes up to us; it reaches us from every section and from every class. That appeal is now for action. Intervention means force. Force means war. War means blood. But it will be God's force. When A HAÇIT has a battle for humanity and liberty ever been won except by force? What barricade of wrong, injustice, and oppression has ever been carried except by force?

Force compelled the signature of unwilling royalty to the Magna Charta; force put life into the Declaration of Independence and made effective the Emancipation Proclamation; force beat with naked hands upon the iron gateway of the Bastile and made reprisal in one awful hour for centuries of kingly crime; force waved the flag of revolution over Bunker Hill and marked the snows of Valley Forge with bloodstained feet; force held the broken line at Shiloh, climbed the flame-swept hill at Chattanooga, and stormed the clouds on Lookout Heights; force marched with Sherman to the sea, rode with Sheridan in the Valley of the Shenandoah, and gave Grant victory at Appomattox; force saved the Union, kept the stars in the flag, made "niggers" men.

The time for God's force has come again. Let the impassioned lips of American patriots once more take up the song:

In the beauty of the lilies Christ was born across the sea, With a glory in His bosom that transfigures you and me; As He died to make men holy let us die to make men free, While God is marching on."

Others may hesitate, others may procrastinate, others may plead for further diplomatic negotiations which mean delay, but for me, I am ready to act now, and for my action I am ready to answer to my conscience, my country, and my God.

ATMI

Mr. President, in the cable that moored me to life and hope the strongest strands are broken. I have but little left to offer at the altar of freedom's sacrifice, but all I have I am glad to give. I am ready to serve my country as best I can-in the Senate or in the field. My dearest hope, my most earnest prayer to God, is this, that when death comes to end all I may meet it calmly and fearlessly, as did my beloved, in the cause of humanity, under the American flag./

HUMANITY'S CAUSE TRIUMPHANT

[From a speech delivered at the Peace Jubilee at Washington, May 25, 1899.]

FELLOW-CITIZENS, the inspiring demonstration of the past three days does credit alike to the patriotism of the American people and the energy and efficiency of the managers of this grand Peace Jubilee. We have cause to rejoice! Victory has crowned our arms. The last vestige of kingly rule has disappeared from the Western Hemisphere. The cause of humanity is triumphant; the world applauds, and the shield of the nation is without a stain. Five times the American people have waged war. Never for conquest; never for dominion; never for martial glory; never for unworthy or ignoble purpose. The soul of the United States is as white as the snow of the inaccessible peaks; as pure as the limpid mountain torrents; as serene as the eternal stars.

First we fought for independence—to establish the God-given right of self-government. Next to protect our sailors on the high seas, by making the deck of an American ship American soil. Then that the citizens of Texas might of their own free-will place their lone star in the diadem of the Republic. Again for the

preservation of the Union and the enfranchisement of a race; and, last, that the power of a great, free people might go out like the benediction of heaven to bring liberty and justice and hope to the oppressed and tyranny-ridden inhabitants of the islands of the sea.

Blood has been shed; treasure has been poured out that men might be ennobled, humanity uplifted, and God's omnipotent decree fulfilled. When Dewey sailed into the harbor of Manila; when white men and black men charged the San Juan Hill; when Sampson and Schley pursued the Spanish fleet along the Cuban coast, civilization awoke to the knowledge of the divine footsteps marching on.

Peace, blessed peace, is with us once again; and what inestimable blessings it brings! In the white heat of a new baptism of fire sectionalism has been blotted out forever. The blue and the gray have marched side by side under the one flag; white and black have stood shoulder to shoulder; and henceforth, from sea to sea, from lake to gulf, we are one people, glorying in a common destiny. We have challenged the admiration of the world. We have won the respect of all Christendom. The United States stands sponsor for a hemisphere, and we lead the vanguard of humanity's advance.

Men and governments pass away, but the glory of great deeds lives on forever. Such heroes as Washington, Grant, and Dewey; such statesmen as Lincoln and McKinley, take their place with the immortals. New duties and responsibilities are upon us. Not of our seeking, but forced by the unexpected and unforeseen fortunes of a holy war. Are we not strong enough, brave enough, wise enough, humane enough, to meet them and master them and shape them into blessings? Dare we not turn wide-open, fearless eyes to scan the expanding horizon of the twentieth century?

Let cowards falter and pessimists bewail. The

world moves. The Republic lives. God reigns; and in the sunshine of His guidance we go marching on-on under a flag that symbolizes the highest aspirations of the human race. Washington made it the flag of independence; Lincoln made it the flag of liberty; McKinley has made it the flag of man's humanity for manuntil to-day, on land and sea, the wide world round, serenely uplifted toward the empyrean blue-kissed by the sun of day, wooed by the stars of night, feared by tyrants, beloved of mankind—it tranquilly floats, the unconquered flag of the greatest nation of the earth.

CHARLES E. TOWNE

[Extracts from a speech delivered at the University of Michigan February 22, 1899.]

I.

"LEST WE FORGET"

THE possession of the Philippine Islands was in no way necessary to the success of the war nor within its purpose. Admiral Dewey went to Manila in pursuance of his well-known instructions to "find the Spanish fleet and destroy it." In his subsequent operations he was assisted by the insurgent Filipinos, who were engaged, like the rebels of Cuba, in an effort to throw off the yoke of Spain, if possible a more heavy burden and a more odious tyranny in the Philippines than in the Antilles.

Said Admiral Dewey on the 27th of June, "I have given the insurgents to understand that I consider them as friends, because we oppose a mutual enemy." The publications of the Government show beyond all cavil that whatever mental reservations the Washington authorities may have found it consistent with their ideas of honorable diplomacy to entertain, our representatives immediately in contact with Emilio Aguinaldo and his coadjutors treated the insurrectionists as allies, and that we were honorably bound to respect the relation.

Such was the situation when they organized a gov