believed in the name of the only-begotten Son of God." (John iii. 18.)

25. Prove that the Holy Ghost is of the Father, and of the Son : neither made, nor created, nor begotten, but proceeding.

"But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me." (John xv. 26.)

26. All these points having been proved, how does the Creed sum up the doctrine concerning the Trinity?

So there is one Father, not three Fathers; one Son, not three Sons; one Holy Ghost, not three Holy Ghosts. And in this Trinity none is afore or after other: none is greater, or less than another; but the whole three Persons are co-eternal together and co-equal. So, as is aforesaid (at the third verse), the Unity in Trinity, and the Trinity in Unity are to be worshipped.

27. What does Dr. Waterland say concerning the clause, "He therefore that would be saved must thus think of the Trinity?"

He says, "I incline to the moderate opinion of those who think that the author here does not lay the stress upon every little nicety of explanation before given, but upon the main doctrine of a coequal and co-eternal Trinity." And he adds Wickliff's Comment on the same passage, which is, that there is both an Unity of Godhead and a Trinity of Persons. And that the Trinity in this Unity is to be worshipped above all things, and whosoever will be saved must thus think of the Trinity; if not in every particular, yet thus in general.

28. Having thus stated the doctrine of the Holy Trinity, what does the Creed proceed to explain?

The Incarnation of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, which it is also necessary to believe rightly.

29. What is the right faith concerning the Incarnation, or manifestation of Jesus Christ in the flesh?

The right faith is this: that we believe and confess that our Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, is God and man; God of the substance of the Father, begotten before the world, and man, of the substance of his mother, born in the world, perfect God, and perfect man, of a reasonable soul and human flesh subsisting; equal to the Father as touching his Godhead, and inferior to the Father as touching his manhood.

30. Prove that our Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, is God and man.

God and Man,-" And Thomas answered and said, My Lord and my God." (John xx. 28.) "God was manifest in the flesh." (1 Tim. iii. 16.) "He hath appointed a day in which he shall judge the world by that man whom he hath ordained." (Acts xvii. 13.)

31. What Scripture proves Christ was begotten before the worlds?

"Thou lovedst me before the foundation of the world." (John xvii. 24.)

32. What shews that he was man, of the substance of his mother, born in the world?

"When the fulness of time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman." ." (Gal. iv. 4.)

33. Shew from Scripture that He was perfect God.

"Unto the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever!" (Heb. i. 1.)

34. Shew that he was perfect man, of a reasonable soul, and human flesh subsisting.

"As the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he likewise partook of the same." (Heb. ii. 4.)

35. Shew that He was equal to the Father as touching his Godhead.

"I and my Father are one." (John x. 30.)

36. Shew that he was inferior to the Father as touching his manhood.

"My Father is greater than I." (John xiv. 23.)

37. What further is said concerning Christ?

Who, although he be God, and inan, yet he is not two, but one Christ: one, not by conversion of the Godhead into flesh, but by taking the manhood into God: one altogether, not by confusion of substance, but by unity of person.

38. Shew that He is one Christ.

"To us there is but one God, the Father, of whom are all things, and we in him: and one Lord Jesus Christ." (1 Cor. viii. 6.) "God hath made that same Jesus, whom ye crucified, both Lord and Christ. (Acts ii. 36.)

39. What does Dr. Waterland say upon this clause, "One not by conversion of the Godhead into flesh, but by taking the manhood into God?"

He did not change his divine nature, or convert it into flesh, though He is said to have been made flesh. He took upon Him, He assumed human nature, took man into union with God, and thus was He one Christ.

40. What does he say on the next clause?

"One altogether, not by confusion of substance, but by unity of person. Christ is altogether one, entirely one, though his two natures remain distinct." And therefore the Creed adds, as the reasonable soul and flesh is one man, so God and man is one Christ.

41. What does the remaining part of the Creed relate to ?

To the death, resurrection, ascension, and glory of Christ; the judgment, resurrection, and final reward and punishment of mankind. For proofs of which, see Apostles' Creed.

CATECHISM ON THE LITANY.

1. REPEAT the Rubric which precedes the Litany.

Here followeth the LITANY, or General Supplication, to be sung or said after Morning Prayer upon Sundays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, and at other times when it shall be commanded by the Ordinary.

2. What is the meaning of the word "Litany?"

It is used in the Christian Church for a 66 Supplication, and common intercession to God when his wrath lies upon us."

3. Were Litanies anciently used in the Church?

Yes; as for the form in which they are now made, namely, in short requests, by the minister, to which the people all answer. St. Chrysostom saith it is derived from the primitive age.

4. Why is the Litany to be used on Wednesdays, and Fridays, and Sundays?

Because Wednesday and Friday were the two ancient fasting days of the Christians, on the first of which Christ was betrayed; and on the other, crucified; and it was used on Sundays, because on that day is the largest assembly, and most solemn worship of the Christian Church.

5. Of what does the Litany consist?

It consists of four parts: first, the Invocation; secondly, the Deprecation; thirdly, the Intercession; and fourthly, the Supplication.

6. What is the first part?

The Invocation, or calling upon God, which is addressed, not as other prayers to God in general, but to every person in the Trinity separately, and then to all the three persons jointly. The Invocation is contained in the first four verses of the Litany.

7. What is the second part of the Litany?

The Deprecation; so called from the Latin word deprecor, to beseech. In it we beseech the good Lord to spare us, and deliver us from many evils which happen both to the soul and body, enforcing our prayers by many affecting considerations. The Deprecations commence with the fifth, and end with the thirteenth verse.

8. What is the third part?

The Intercession; wherein we intercede for the holy Church universal, proceeding, in order, for the Queen, the Royal Family, for Bishops, Priests, and Deacons, for the Lords of the Council, the Nobility, the Magistrates, and all the people of the realm. We then pray for all kinds of good for all men; for piety to the faithful, the conversion of the deceived, for the confirmation of the weak, the relief of the afflicted, the preservation of the distressed, for the

reconciliation of enemies, for the grant of plenty, and things necessary for the body, and, lastly, for pardon of sins and the things necessary for the soul. The Intercession extends from the fourteenth verse to the last of the Versicles, "Lord, have mercy upon us."

9. What is the fourth part of the Litany?

The Supplications, which commence with the Lord's Prayer, and conclude with the blessing, "The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, and the love of God, and the fellowship of the Holy Ghost, be with us all evermore." (2 Cor. xiii.)

10. Repeat the four first verses of the Litany, which contain the Invocation.

1. O GOD the Father, of heaven: have mercy upon us miserable sinners.

O God the Father, of heaven: have mercy upon us miserable sinners.

2. O God the Son, Redeemer of the world have mercy upon us miserable sinners.

:

O God the Son, Redeemer of the world have mercy upon us miserable sinners.

3. O God the Holy Ghost, proceeding from the Father and the Son have mercy upon us miserable sinners.

O God the Holy Ghost, proceeding from the Father and the Son: have mercy upon us miserable sinners.

4. O holy, blessed, and glorious Trinity, three Persons and one God have mercy upon us miserable sinners.

:

O holy, blessed, and glorious Trinity, three Persons and one God: have mercy upon us miserable sinners.

11. Why do we invoke God the Father to have mercy upon us? We are taught to do so by the Saviour Himself: "Our Father, which art in heaven." (Matt. vi. 9.)

12. Why do we invoke God the Son?

Because "all men should honour the Son, even as they honour the Father." (John v.

23.)

13. Why do we invoke God the Holy Ghost?

Because we are baptized in his name, and therefore should call upon Him. He proceedeth from the Father and the Son, and as He is of the same nature as the Father and Son, we make the same petition to Him.

14. Why do we invoke the glorious Trinity?

We have owned the Trinity of persons, and now confess that these three are one God, and so we worship the whole Trinity together as three persons and one God, repeating the same request for mercy from the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost.

15. Repeat the Deprecation, which begins with the fifth, and ends with the thirteenth verse.

5. Remember not, Lord, our offences, nor the offences of our forefathers; neither take thou vengeance of our sins: spare us,

good Lord, spare thy people, whom thou hast redeemed with thy most precious blood, and be not angry with us for ever. Spare us, good Lord.

6. From all evil and mischief; from sin, from the crafts and assaults of the devil; from thy wrath, and from everlasting damnation,

Good Lord, deliver us.

7. From all blindness of heart; from pride, vain-glory, and hypocrisy; from envy, hatred, and malice, and all uncharitable

ness,

Good Lord, deliver us.

8. From fornication, and all other deadly sin; and from all the deceits of the world, the flesh, and the devil,

Good Lord, deliver us.

9. From lightning and tempest; from plague, pestilence, and famine; from battle and murder, and from sudden death, Good Lord, deliver us.

10. From all sedition, privy conspiracy, and rebellion; from all false doctrine, heresy, and schism; from hardness of heart, and contempt of thy Word and Commandment,

Good Lord, deliver us.

11. By the mystery of thy holy Incarnation; by thy holy Nativity and Circumcision; by thy Baptism, Fasting, and Temptation,

Good Lord, deliver us.

12. By thine Agony and bloody Sweat; by thy Cross and Passion; by thy precious Death and Burial; by thy glorious Resurrection and Ascension; and by the coming of the Holy Ghost,

Good Lord, deliver us.

13. In all time of our tribulation; in all time of our wealth; in the hour of death, and in the day of judgment,

Good Lord, deliver us.

16. Why do we pray God not to remember our offences, nor the offences of our forefathers, &c.?

Because, like David, we must acknowledge, that "we have sinned with our fathers, we have committed iniquity, we have done wickedly." (Ps. cvi. 6.)

17. Why do we pray the good Lord to deliver us from all evil, and mischief, &c.?

Because "the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness, and unrighteousness of men." (Rom. i. 18.)

18. Why do we pray to be delivered from all blindness of heart, pride, vain-glory, and hypocrisy ?

St. Peter exhorts us, saying, "Wherefore laying aside all malice, and all guile, and hypocrisies, and envies, and evil speakings, as newborn babes, let us desire the sincere milk of the word, that ye may grow thereby." (1 Pet. ii. 1.)