PAGE

by Forfeitures, 77, 78. New methods of extortion. Empfon

and Dudley. Uses to which they were put, 78. Plunder under

forms of law. HENRY VIII (1509). Execution of Empfon and

Dudley. Tudor characteristics, 79. Caufes of fuccefs: yielding

to people, repreffing nobles. Task of each sovereign, 80. HENRY'S

(1509). EDWARD'S (1547). MARY'S (1553). ELIZABETH'S

(1558), 80, 81. Tudor defpotifm exceptional. Its checks and

limits, 81. Elizabeth's conceffions. Mary's weakness. Pofition

of House of Commons. Acts of parliament edged tools.

Parliamentary resistance to Mary, 82. Three diffolutions in two

years. Privileges won from Henry VIII. Thirty members

added to Commons. Safeguards of an armed people, 83. Obli-

gation for martial exercife. Power beyond the Sovereign. All

legislation in name of Commons. Substance as well as form

claimed by them, 84. Elizabeth's reign. Character of the

Queen: a fovereign demagogue. Advantages of the people.

Refults of the Reformation. Oxford leffons complete, 85.

Change impending. Rife of religious difcontent. The newly

eftablished Church. Impulfes of Reformation restrained. Á

danger overlooked, 86. Cartwright's Lectures at Cambridge

(1570). PURITAN PARTY FORMED. Its leaders in 'Houfe of

Commons. Vain attempts to subdue them, 87. Last act of the

greatest Tudor. Elizabeth's antipathy to Puritans: Puritan

fympathy with Elizabeth, 88. Champion and leader of the

Reformation. Puritanism in a new form: joined with political

discontent. A Queen's Serjeant coughed down, 89. Cecil's

warning to Commons. Elizabeth's laft appearance in Parlia-

ment. JAMES I (1603). Two kingdoms united under the

Stuarts, 90. Opportunity loft by Cecil. No conditions made at

Acceffion. No check on overstrained prerogative. Provocation

to Rebellion, 91. Penalties to be paid, 92.

§ III. FIRST STUART KING .

92-109

Character of James. His learning. His cunning and fhrewd-

nefs, 92.
Wifeft fool in Chriftendom. What he did with

learning. Ufes of his knowledge. Too confident an affump-

tion, 93. Early career in Scotland. His excufes. A fchool for

king-craft. His pofition between Puritan and Papist, 94. For-

mation of his character. His attachments. Family of James.

Princess Elizabeth born (1596). Prince Charles born (1600), 95.

The Gowrie Confpiracy. Prince Charles's boyhood. Phyfical

defects, 96. Profpect of English throne. Joy of laity in Scot-

land. Indignation of clergy. Elizabeth's death announced,

97. Journey fouthward begun (April, 1603), 97, 98. Novelty

of a King after half a century of a Queen. Perfonal charac-

teristics of the new monarch. Face and figure. Slobbering

fpeech, 98. Shuffling gait. Abfence of felf-fupport. A fence

to monarchy thrown down. Courtiers confounded. Royal pro-

grefs to London, 99. Entertainments. At Hinchinbrook :

Interview with

100. Interview

Unfavourable

OLIVER CROMWELL (æt. 4) firft fees a king.

Francis Bacon. Arrival in land of promile,

with Cecil: at Theobald's (3rd May), 100, 101.

impreffion on the minifter. Foreign policy. Death of Cecil

(1612). Rife of Somerfet, 101. King's manner to favourites.

Somerset's fall. Rife of Villiers, 102. A prime minister at a

mafque. Scenes and actors in the Court. Unreftrained indul-

PAGE

gences. Bribes taken by women, 103. Sports of the Cockpit.

Profligate expenditure. Debts of the King. Shameful necef-

fities, 104. Buckingham's extravagance. Expedients for money.

Benevolences and fines. Patents and monopolies. Knighthood

exhausted. Baronetcies invented. Peerages put up to fale, 105.

Tariff of titles. James's theological difplays. Hampton Court

Conference. King's conduct to Puritans, 106. Delight of the

Bishops. Chancellor Ellesmere's ideal. James's religious per-

fecutions, 107. Retribution in ftore. A parallel to James's

creed. Alleged darker traits: not established. Lambeth MSS.

(930, f. 91), 108. Innocent as to Overbury and Prince Henry.

Opinions of the people. Contempt of the perfon of the fove-

reign. Legacy to Charles I, 109.

THE DEBATES ON THE GRAND REMONSTRANCE,

NOVEMBER AND DECEMBER, 1641. pp. 110-421.

Fac-simile of Two Pages of Sir Simonds

Parliament, begun November 3rd, 1640.

in the British Museum

SI. PREFATORY

D'Ewes's Journal of the

From the Original MS.

To face the Title-page

Moft exciting incident before the war. Moft neglected by hif-

torians, 110. Remonftrance printed in Rushworth. Misleading

of Clarendon. Falfification of Debates. Misstatements followed

by all, 111. Sir Philip Warwick's account. Extraordinary

fcene. Hampden's influence, 112. Various references to Great

Remonftrance. Clarendon generally followed. Purpose of the

prefent work. Written from MS. records, 113.

114-117

§ II. WHAT THE GREAT REMONSTRANCE WAS

Cafe of the Parliament against the King. Moft complete jufti-

fication of Great Rebellion. Religion and Politics in union,

114. Hume's falfe diftinctions: refuted by the Remonftrance,

114, 115. Character of its contents. Warnings against Court.

Appeal to the country, 115. No difrefpect to King or Church.

States what the war put in iffue. Occupies 15 folio pages in

Rushworth. Difficulty of reproducing it, 116. Its various and

minute detail. Purposed illustration by MS. records. Test for

Clarendon's honesty, 117.

.

PAGE

117-125

§ III. SIR SIMONDS D'EWES AND HIS MANUSCRIPT JOURNAL

OF THE LONG PARLIAMENT

Text. Authority for new facts in this work, 117. Journal by

D'Ewes in Harleian MSS. Writers acquainted with it, 118.

Neceffity of studying the original MS. Account of D'Ewes.

Born (1602). At Cambridge (1618), 119. Leaves Cam-

bridge, 1620-1. Quits Westminster Hall. Delight in old

records. Marriage (1626). Buys his rank, 120. Projects

a Hiftory. High Sheriff of Suffolk (1639). Sympathy with

Puritans. Returned to Long Parliament for Sudbury, 121.

Lodgings at Westminster. Firft fpeech in House. Affiduous

attendance. Takes Notes of debates, 122. Fruit thereof:

in five volumes of Journal, 122, 123. Condition of the

original MS. Pages fac-fimilied. Component Parts of

MS., 123.
Confufed present state, 124. Example of im-

portance of their contents. Why not earlier made use

of, 125.

Notes. Notes by D'Ewes characterised. Edinburgh Review
(July, 1846), 118. Self-painted portrait. Jealousy of
Note-taking. Old Vane objects, and D'Ewes replies, 124.

uous

§ IV. ATTAINDER OF THE EARL OF STRAFFORD 126-152

Text. The Attainder made a teft of opinions. A fallacious

one. Unwife comparisons and contrafts, 126. The "Pro-

teftation" to defend Parliament and Religion, 127. Royalist

fupporters of Attainder. Falkland, Culpeper, Capel, and

Hyde, 128. Danger of believing in Clarendon. Conduct of

Hyde. Why he declined office. Strange felf-exposure, 129.

Hyde chairman of a committee. Encounters a "tempeft-

perfon. Mr. Cromwell "in a fury." Sir Ralph

Verney's Notes, 130. Reports debate on Strafford. Speech

by Hampden on queftion not material to the Bill, 131.

Attainder not in difpute. Hampden fuppofed favourable to

it, 132. Correcter judgment by Macaulay: Eays (i. 467),

132, 133. Line really taken by Hampden. Evidence of

D'Ewes. Doubts fet at reft. Procedure by Bill originally

propofed. Pym and Hampden for Impeachment, 133. Dif-

pute of the 10th April. Diffatisfaction with the Lords. Bill

of Attainder revived. Oppofed by Pym and Hampden, 134.

Elder Vane's Notes of Council, 134, 135. Objection to their

production. Excitement thereon. Conference with Lords pro-

pofed, 135. Pym and Hampden outvoted. Sitting of the 12th

April, 1641. Reported in D'Ewes's MS. Two pages in

fac-fimile, 136. Pym and Hampden acting together. Why

they oppofed Attainder. Pym fuggefts conference. Maynard

recites points for fettlement, 137. Houfe will make facrifices

to prevent delay. Others guilty with Strafford. Their guilt

not to be insisted on. The Notes of Council, 138. Laud

and Cottington involved. Hotham for Attainder. Pym

againft. Maynard for. Rudyard doubtful. Tomkins for,

139. Culpeper for. D'Ewes against. Urges judgment on

Impeachment. Explanation asked from old Vane. Refused,

140. Glyn explains. Marten for Attainder. Hampden

againft. Vane and his Son. Subfequent courfe of fupporters

of Attainder. Conduct of Glyn and Maynard, 141. Line

taken by Falkland: excused by Clarendon. What excufe

for Mr. Hyde? 142. Takes fame line as Falkland. Too

much faith in short memories. Pym and Hampden confiftent

throughout, 143. Their belief in Strafford's guilt. Quef-

tion raised whether to hear his counsel? Resisted by Falk-

land and Culpeper. Supported by Hampden and Pym, 144.

Speech of Maynard against. Pym in reply. Advocates

Strafford's claim to hearing. His appeal fuccessful, 145.

His fuggeftions as to Attainder. English compared to

French Revolution. Folly and falfehood of comparison, 146.

Obfolete views. Opinions of the better informed. Agree-

ment up to Arreft of Five Members. Parliament's juftifica-

tion, 147.
General character of the struggle. More wealth

with the Commons than with the King. No terrorism,

148. Origin of the intereft ftill infpired by the war, 148,

149. A war without an enemy. D'Ewes as to acts and

motives, 149. Strafford. Greatest man on the King's fide,

149, 150. Where his ftatesmanship fucceeded. Where it

failed. His fyftem in Ireland, 151. The good implied in

it. The danger that proved fatal. Bad faith of the King,

Moral of Strafford's government, 152.

151.

Notes.

"Story of Corfe Castle," 126. D'Ewes to Lady

D'Ewes. King's ill-fated step. Agitation in the House

and in the City, 127. "Proteftation" drawn up. Taken by

all, 128. Verney's Notes, 130. As to fac-fimile, 140.

Strafford's contempt for old Falkland, 142. Hyde and Falk-

land's agreement. Sitting as well as voting together, 143.

.

PAGE

152-163

§ V. REACTION AFTER STRAFFORD'S DEATH

Text. Parties altered after Strafford's death. Remonstrance a

fresh ftarting-point, 152. What Cromwell faid to Falkland,

152, 153. Alleged narrow efcape for Charles. Hyde's new

policy. Reaction for the King, 153. Chances of fuccefs.

Old pofitions reverfed. Daily defections from Popular ranks,

154. Character of the King. His view as to invalidity of

ftatutes. Affenting with purpofe to revoke. Hyde's com-

plaint. Sources of danger to Parliament, 155. Signs of

wavering. Abatement of Popular enthusiasm, 156. Charles's

advantages. A warning needed. Threatenings of force,

157. Freedom or Defpotism? Resolution to appeal to the

People. Origin of the "Remonftrance." Firft moved by

Lord Digby, 158. The King receives Warning: on Eve of

journey to Scotland, 158, 159. Bishop Williams advises

conciliation. King confents. Scheme baffled. Intended

diftribution of offices, 159. Friday, 30th July, 1641.: New

Miniftry expected. Saturday, 7th Auguft: Remonstrance

formally brought forward, 160. Bishop Williams's labour

loft. Remonftrance openly difcuffed. King quits London :

9th Auguft. Hyde's previous interview, 161. Why Charles

was grateful to him. His fervice against Epifcopacy Bill.

Engagement to defeat it, 162. Hopes from the Scottish

journey. Hyde's promife, 163.

PAGE

Notes. Mistake of Richard Baxter, 153. Only lawyers fe-

ceded on the Attainder, 154. The Clergy and Univer-

fities. Fickleness of the people, 156. Impatience of

waiting. Cure more painful than disease, 157. Excite-

ment as to Scotch journey, 160.

§ VI. REASSEMBLING OF PARLIAMENT, OCTOBER, 1641. 163–168

Text. 20th of October, 1641. Houfes meet. Defaulters from the

Commons, 163. Strode's propofition against the absent with-

out leave, 163, 164. Liberal party weakened. Forebodings

coming true. Report from the Recefs Committee, 164.

Another plot. Letters produced from Hampden.

The

"Incident," 165. Hyde and Falkland outvoted. Pym's

refolutions carried, 166. Alarm of Secretary Nicholas.

King's friends difheartened. Arrival of Hampden, 167.

Bishops' Bill under difcuffion. Speakers for and against.

Hampden's furprife. Falkland's avowal, 168.

Notes. Charge against Montrose.

30th October. Pym's
fpeech on Army defigns, 165. Confpiracy tracked out,
166. Character of Edward Nicholas, 166, 167. In-
direct ways of the Court, 167.

§ VII. LORD FALKLAND

Text.

Beliefs as to Falkland's character. Suppofed type of

moderation. Errors and misjudgment, 169. Never zealous

for the King, 170. Clarendon's description, 171, Opinions

held by Falkland: as to Court and Parliament. Influ-

ence of Hyde. Faith of the old Cavalier, 172. Sentiment

not judgment. Easy prey to Hyde's perfuafion. Falk-

land's ftronghold, 173. View taken by Macaulay, 174.

Objections thereto. Excitability of temper. Anecdote by

Clarendon. Emphafis overdone, 175. Similar trait of

Danton. Strange refemblances. Stranger contrafts, 176.

Diflike of the war. Laft appearance in Houfe of Com-

mons. More like delinquent than Minifter. Regret or felf-

reproach? 177. Falkland's nobler qualities. Services to

men of wit, 178. Open houfe at Oxford: to men of all

opinions, 179. A college in purer air, 180. Three special