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tained directly by voluntary enlistment or draft, and when appointed will be designated in their grades as noncommissioned officers of the Judge Advocate General's Department, National Army, and will not be transferred to another department or branch of the Army except with the approval of the Judge Advocate General, or when they have been reduced to the grade of private as provided in paragraph 2 hereof, in which case they are subject to transfer as other enlisted

men.

4. When a soldier is appointed a noncommissioned officer or private, first class, in the Judge Advocate General's Department, the judge advocate who first received him will prepare and forward a record card of the soldier direct to the Judge Advocate General; except that in the case of a soldier stationed with an organization. serving in Europe the card will be sent through the Acting Judge Advocate General for said forces.

5. All records pertaining to the enlisted men of the Judge Advocate General's Department will be kept by the judge advocate under whose immediate direction they are serving, unless the commanding officers of the commands or organizations for which such enlisted men are authorized shall otherwise direct.

6. The Acting Judge Advocate General for the American Expeditionary Forces in Europe is authorized to act for the Judge Advocate General of the Army upon such matters pertaining to the enlisted personnel of the Judge Advocate General's Department serving with the expeditionary forces as the Judge Advocate General may authorize him to act upon.

[242.11, A. G. O.]

By order of the Secretary of War:

Official:

Peyton C. March, General, Chief of Staff.

H. P. McCain, The Adjutant General.

6. BULLETIN No. 35

War Department, Washington, July 3, 1918. The following is published to the Army for the information and guidance of all concerned:

Under authority of section 12 of the act of Congress "To authorize the President to increase temporarily the Military Establishment of the United States," approved May 18, 1917, which section. reads as follows:

Sec. 12. That the President of the United States, as Commander in Chief of the Army, is authorized to make such regulations governing the prohibition of alcoholic liquors in or near military camps and to the officers and enlisted men of the Army as he may from time to time deem necessary or advisable: Provided, That no person, corporation, partnership, or association shall sell, supply, or have in his or its possession, any intoxicating or spirituous liquors at any military station, cantonment, camp, fort, post, officers' or enlisted. men's club, which is being used at the time for military purposes

under this act, but the Secretary of War may make regulations permitting the sale and use of intoxicating liquors for medicinal purposes. It shall be unlawful to sell any intoxicating liquor, including beer, ale, or wine, to any officer or member of the military forces while in uniform, except as herein provided. Any person, corporation, partnership, or association violating the provisions of this section or the regulations made thereunder shall, unless otherwise punishable under the Articles of War, be deemed guilty of a misde-. meanor and be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisonment for not more than twelve months, or both

the following regulations are established by the President and the Secretary of War, to continue during the present emergency, and shall supersede all former regulations issued under the aforesaid authority except the regulation of March 2, 1918, relating to the Island of Oahu, Territory of Hawaii:

1. Around every military camp at which officers and enlisted men, not less than two hundred and fifty in number, have been or shall be stationed for more than thirty consecutive days, there shall be for the purposes set forth in this regulation a zone five miles wide, except that within the existing limits of an incorporated city or town, within which the sale of alcoholic liquor shall not be prohibited by the State or local law, the zone shall not include any territory more than one-half mile from the nearest boundary of such camp. Alcoholic liquor, including beer, ale, and wine, either alone or with any other article, shall not, directly or indirectly, be sold, bartered, given, served, or knowingly delivered by one person to another within any such zone, or sent, shipped, transmitted, carried, or transported to any place within any such zone: Provided, That this regulation shall not apply to the giving or serving of such liquor in a private home to members of the family or bona fide guests, other than members of the military forces, or to the sending, shipping, transmitting, carrying, or transporting of such liquor to a private home for use as aforesaid: Provided also, That this regulation shall not apply to the sale or gift of such liquor by registered pharmacists to licensed physicians or medical officers of the United States for medicinal purposes, or to the sending, shipping, transmitting, carrying, or transporting of such liquor to registered pharmacists, licensed physicians, or medical officers of the United States for use as aforesaid.

2. Alcoholic liquor, including beer, ale, and wine, either alone, or with any other article, shall not, directly or indirectly, be sold, bartered, given, served, or knowingly delivered to any officer or member of the military forces, within the United States, their territories or possessions, or any place under their control, except to medical officers for medicinal purposes or when administered by or under the direction of a licensed physician or medical officer.

3. The sale or supply of intoxicating liquors to licensed physicians and medical officers for medicinal purposes, and the possession, use, and administration thereof by such physicians and officers for medicinal purposes, at any military station, cantonment, camp, fort, or post is permitted.

4. All prior violations of former regulations and all penalties incurred thereunder shall be prosecuted and enforced in the same manner and with the same effect as if these superseding regulations had not been established. Woodrow Wilson.

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7. GENERAL ORDERS, No. 73

War Department, Washington, August 7, 1918.

1. This country has but one army-The United States Army. It includes all the land forces in the service of the United States. Those forces, however raised, lose their identity in that of The United States Army. Distinctive appellations, such as the Regular Army, Reserve Corps, National Guard, and National Army, heretofore employed in administration and command, will be discontinued, and, the single term, The United States Army, will be exclusively used.

2. Orders having reference to The United States Army as divided into separate and component forces of distinct origin, or assuming or contemplating such a division, are to that extent revoked.

3. The insignia now prescribed for the Regular Army shall hereafter be worn by the United States Army.

4. All effective commissions purporting to be, and described therein as, commissions in the Regular Army, National Guard, National Army, or the Reserve Corps shall hereafter be held to be, and regarded as, commissions in The United States Army-permanent, provisional, or temporary, as fixed by the conditions of their issue; and all such commissions are hereby amended accordingly. Hereafter during the period of the existing emergency all commissions of officers shall be in The United States Army and in staff corps, departments, and arms of the service thereof, and shall, as the law may provide, be permanent, for a term, or for the period of the emergency. And hereafter during the period of the existing emergency provisional and temporary appointments in the grade of second lieutenant and temporary promotions in the Regular Army and appointments in the Reserve Corps will be discontinued.

5. While the number of commissions in each grade and in each staff corps, department, and arm of the service shall be kept within the limits fixed by law, officers shall be assigned without reference to the term of their commissions solely in the interest of the service; and officers and enlisted men will be transferred from one organization to another as the interests of the service may require.

6. Except as otherwise provided by law, promotion in The United

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States Army shall be by selection. Permanent promotions in the Regular Army will continue to be made as prescribed by law.

[320, A. G. O.]

By order of the Secretary of War:

Official:

Peyton C. March, General, Chief of Staff.

H. P. McCain, The Adjutant General.

8. GENERAL ORDERS, No. 78

War Department, Washington, August 22, 1918.

By direction of the President, General Orders, No. 132, War Department, 1917, is rescinded and the following regulations, governing for the duration of the war the appointment and promotion of officers of the Army, are published for the information and guidance of all concerned:

1. Vacancies-How filled.-Training schools will be maintained to prepare selected noncommissioned officers and privates for commissions.

Vacancies in the grade of second lieutenant in a regiment or separate unit will be filled, in so far as practicable, by the appointment of candidates from the unit who have passed through these schools. In exceptional cases, for gallantry in action and demonstrated fitness, enlisted men may be appointed second lieutenants though not graduates of the training schools.

Vacancies in the grade of second lieutenant not filled in the foregoing manner will be filled by transfer or assignment.

Vacancies in grades below that of lieutenant colonel and above that of second lieutenant in any regiment or separate unit will be filled, so far as practicable, by the promotion of officers selected from the next lower grade in the regiment or separate unit in which the vacancy occurs. In case of necessity the selection may be made from officers of the next lower grade in the same arm or corps within the division. Vacancies in the grade of colonel and lieutenant colonel will be filled, as far as practicable, by selection from officers in the next lower grade in the same arm of the service, in the division to which the organization in which the vacancy occurs is assigned or attached for service.

Vacancies in any commissioned grade within a division may be filled by transfer of officers of the same grade and arm or corps of the service by competent authority, when the interests of the service demand such action.

2. Recommendations for appointment.-A personnel board will be organized in each, separate unit and regiment or higher unit. The board will be appointed by the unit commander to recommend to him. details, assignments, and appointments of officers. The board will be permanent but the members thereof will be changed so that no member will serve continuously more than three months, and having served three months he will not serve again until the expiration of three months.

Recommendations for appointment must be based solely on demonstrated fitness and capacity, without regard to seniority, except that selections will ordinarily be made from the next lower grade.

In the United States and its possessions commanding generals of divisions and of separate units will submit recommendations to The Adjutant General of the Army to fill vacancies in organizations forming part of their command.

While serving in expeditionary forces similar recommendations will be made to the commanding general of the expeditionary forces. Commanding generals of expeditionary forces serving abroad are authorized, pending the approval of the War Department, to fill all vacancies in their command below the grade of general officer.

3. Coast Artillery.-When a vacancy occurs in an organization of the Coast Artillery not serving with a division or higher tactical unit or in an expeditionary force abroad, the chief of Coast Artillery will submit recommendation to The Adjutant General of the Army for filling such vacancy.

When an organization of the Coast Artillery is serving with a division or higher tactical unit or expeditionary force, the same rules with respect to appointment and promotion apply as in the case of other arms of the service.

4. Staff officers.-When a vacancy exists in a staff corps or department within the territorial limits of the United States in a grade above the lowest commissioned grade authorized by law, such vacancy shall be filled by promotion or assignment on recommendation of the chief of the bureau. When such vacancy exists in a staff corps or department in an expeditionary force, the vacancy will be filled upon the recommendation of the commanding general of the expeditionary force in which the vacancy occurs; and the commander of such expeditionary force may fill such vacancies by temporary appointments or by assignments, subject to the approval of the War Department.

Appointments and promotions in the staff corps, as well as in the line, will be made solely to obtain efficiency. The policy of the War Department is, however, that only for exceptional merit will staff officers be advanced in grade above meritorious contemporaries in the line.

5. Officers not covered by the above paragraphs.-Commanding generals of expeditionary forces serving abroad, to whom officers detached from tactical units and serving abroad report, will make recommendation as to the promotion of such officers.

The chiefs of their respective corps and their commanding officers, or the officers to whom they report, will make recommendation for the promotion of officers not covered by the preceding paragraphs of this order.

6. All promotions and appointments made as herein prescribed will be subject to examination as to physical fitness.

[210.2, A. G. Q.]

By order of the Secretary of War:

Official:

Peyton C. March, General, Chief of Staff.

P. C. Harris, Acting The Adjutant General.

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