Mr. WIGGLESWORTH. As a matter of policy, does your administration in any way endeavor to help these boys find private employment? Mr. MCENTEE. Yes, sir; that goes on all the time. The camp superintendent, the Reserve officer, and the educational adviser in the camp contact employers and do all things that can reasonably be done to that end.

EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM

Mr. WOODRUM. Tell us something about your educational program under this new set-up.

General TYNER. The educational program, sir, will be the same as it is now except that under this appropriation we contemplate the construction in many of the camps of a building to house the educational facilities, for the reason that the building now used will be occupied for barrack purposes as a dormitory. In a great many of the camps, when the strength of the companies fell from 200 to 150, that one barrack building was used as a classroom and schoolroom, and we have an item here for the building of a shack for the educational work, because the one we are now using will be a barrack when we bring our companies back to 200 in strength.

Mr. WOODRUM. It is the same type of program?

General TYNER. Yes, sir.

Mr. LUDLOW. What sort of curriculum do you have?

General TYNER. If I may, I will ask Dr. Oxley, who is director of the C. C. C. camp education in the Office of Education in the Interior Department, to answer that question.

Mr. McENTEE. I may say that in addition to the academic section of the educational program, which Dr. Oxley will explain, there is another educational activity carried on on the job. That is the instruction given on the job, teaching the boys concrete work, tractor operating, and other work of that description.

Dr. OXLEY. Perhaps, if I gave you a few facts from our last consolidated report, it would give you some idea of the educational

program.

Mr. WOODRUM. Give us the facts, and then you can elaborate on them in your revised statement, if you wish.

Dr. OXLEY. Yes, sir.

This is based on 2,039 companies in March, when the enrollment strength was close to 300,000. There were 2,033 camp educational advisers in the camps at that time. We had a total of 30,987 men and women teaching in the camps at that time, distributed as follows: Over 2,000 of them were these advisers; 1,900 of them were assistants to the educational advisers, those are enrollees who receive $6 more than the other enrollees, they are assistant leaders; 4,999 were Army officers; 11,000 were technical men, doing technical work in the camps; 6,464 were enrollees who had been selected to teach certain subjects; 1,900 of them were emergency education teachers; 278 were N. Y. A. teachers; 957 were regular school teachers, teaching without pay, merely because of their interest in the work. They came out to the camps and taught classes from time to time, or taught classes in nearby schools to which enrollees were transported; 1,316 were unclassified teachers; making a total of 30,987.

EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL ACTIVITIES

With reference to the educational activities, there were 113,270 enrollees studying academic subjects during March. There were 8,594 enrollees classified as illiterate; that is, they could neither read nor write, 8,198 of those were actually enrolled in classes where they were learning to read and write. I might say, in connection with that, that since the C. C. C. started we have actually taught over 50,000 men to read and write-men who had never before learned to read or write.

Then there were 109,000 enrollees on the elementary school level; that is, men who had not finished the eighth grade. There were 52,000 of those attending elementary courses. We have had over 500,000 men enrolled in academic courses on the elementary level, learning to read or brushing up on their reading and writing and arithmetic.

During March there were 141,000 men on the high school level; 54,000 of those were enrolled in high school subjects. Since the C. C. C. started over 300,000 enrollees have been enrolled in high school subjects in these camps.

In March there were 36,500 on the college level in the camps, of whom about 2,700 were enrolled in college subjects. Since the C. C. C. started over 40,000 college men have been enrolled in college subjects and taught either in the camp or in some nearby college or university.

Then there were 138,000 enrollees enrolled in vocational courses. These vocational courses included such subjects as agriculture, auto mechanics, carpentry, and so on.

RECREATIONAL AND INFORMAL AND OTHER ACTIVITIES

We have a number of recreational and informal activities that have educational values in them. I think you will be interested in some of those figures.

There were 69,000 men enrolled in these informal activities; 32,000 of them were in arts and crafts, 28,000 in music groups, and more than 10,000 in dramatic groups.

Then there are some other activities here that our advisers are engaged in. The basis of all our work in these camps is counseling and guidance. We maintain that no enrollee should be enrolled in any activity in the camp who has not first been given a personal interview by the educational adviser, in which the adviser attempts to find out something about his home background, his previous education, and his previous vocational experience, and on the basis of this knowledge we try to advise these boys to take up certain subjects. First of all, we try to get them to select a vocational subject, then an academic subject, and then some other activity which is going to help them in that particular vocational choice that they have made. In March there were 167,000 counseling and guidance interviews. A total of 135,000 men were interviewed during the month of March. That is an average of about 65 men per month per adviser. We try to get around to every man in camp every 3 months. Some of them we see much more frequently than that. That is an average of about two or three interviews per evening. An interview is all the way from 10 to 15 or 20 minutes. That is, we stay with the boy long enough

to find out something about him upon which to base a recommendation of some kind.

CIRCULATION OF BOOKS IN CAMPS

Here is another activity that you will be interested in-the total circulation of books in the camps. During March 162,000 enrollees read 378,000 books.

Mr. WOODRUM. It looks as though it would take somebody a good deal of time to keep track of all of the books in your camps.

Dr. OXLEY. That is true. The assistant educational adviser, as a rule, has charge of the company library.

Mr. LUDLOW. Do you have a standardized library?

Dr. OXLEY. We have all the way from about 500 books to 9,000 or 10,000 in each one of these camps. Some of the advisers, company commanders, and project superintendents have been unusually successful in going around to the local high schools, colleges, and universities and getting donations of books; but our standard library has been something around 500 or 600 books.

Then we have a circulating library that goes to the different camps. That is the recreational reading.

Then we have the standard library of reference books which has been bought for all the camps, totaling now, I suppose, something like 300 ot 400 books.

Mr. MCMILLAN. You exercise some censorship, do you not, of the character of books that are used in these camps?

Dr. OXLEY. Yes, sir; selection rather than censorship. The Office of Education this last year had several committees working on these lists of books which we recommended to the War Department. Then the War Department passed on them. Then they were sent to Mr. Fechner's office, where they were again approved. So the books are highly selected. We try to pick books which we think will be good for the boys, and also good for the educational program.

DATA ON EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM

Mr. WOODRUM. You may complete your statement in the record, and also include the table from which you have been reading. Dr. OXLEY. Thank you, sir.

(The matter referred to is as follows:)

Statistical data from all corps areas in March 1937 in Report of the Educational Program of Civilian Conservation Corps

General:

Statistical data from all corps areas in March 1937 in Report of the Educational Program of Civilian Conservation Corps-Continued

Number of enrollees attending health, first aid, and life saving-
Number of enrollees receiving training on the job...
Number of individuals attending foreman, teacher, and leader
training....

209, 161

161, 654

47, 454

Summary:

Number of enrollees participating in educational activities.
Percentage of enrollees participating in educational activities

259, 351

87.5

SELECTION AND SALARY OF EDUCATIONAL ADVISERS AND ASSISTANTS

Mr. BACON. How do you select your educational advisers, your assistant educational advisers, and your teachers?

Dr. OXLEY. We have no teachers, as such, paid out of our funds. Mr. BACON. You have over 30,000 people engaged in this educational work. How are they selected?

Dr. OXLEY. In regard to the educational advisers, the corps area educational adviser selects the advisers. They have to be college graduates, in the first place, and we try to pick men of personalitymen who are likely to succeed in this type of environment. Mr. WIGGLESWORTH. Do you mean Army officers?

Dr. OXLEY. No, sir.

Mr. WIGGLESWORTH. You say you have a corps area adviser.

Dr. OXLEY. The corps area adviser is not an Army officer. He is a civilian. But he is the adviser to the corps area commander. There are nine of those.

Mr. BACON. You have a great many applicants, I suppose?

Dr. OXLEY. Yes, sir.

Mr. BACON. And in each corps area you have to weed them out to find out which are the best?

Dr. OXLEY. Yes, sir. We try to select advisers out of the States. in which the camps are located, and they are recommended to me.

Mr. WOODRUM. You say you try to select them out of the States. You mean, do you not, that you try to select them in the States?

Dr. OXLEY. That is right. We try to select them in the States in which the camps are located.

The assistant to the educational adviser is selected by the adviser and approved by the company commander of the camp. He is usually one of the outstanding enrollees.

Mr. WOODRUM. Will there be much turn-over in these educational advisers under the new bill, or are you going to keep the same crowd? Dr. OXLEY. We will keep the same crowd.

Mr. TABER. How do you pay these educational advisers? .
Dr. OXLEY. The educational adviser gets $1,980 a year.

Mr. TABER. Does he live there?

Dr. OXLEY. He lives in the camp.

Mr. TABER. And the assistant?

Dr. OXLEY. The assistant gets $6 more than the enrollee, or $36 a month.

Mr. TABER. And you have one adviser and at least one assistant in each camp?

Dr. OXLEY. That is right. All the other instructors volunteer their services.

Mr. TABER. This set-up of the others involved in this educational proposition consists of the regular officers in charge, and that sort of thing, and the enrolles in the C. C. C.?

Dr. OXLEY. That is right. The Army officers and the work supervisory personnel in the camp volunteer their services.

SELECTION OF TECHNICAL STAFF

Mr. BACON. How is the technical staff chosen, those in charge of the work-engineers, or whatever they may be?

Mr. MCENTEE. They are selected by the technical agencies in the Department of Agriculture and the Department of the Interior— the Soil Erosion Service, the Forest Service, the Biological Survey, the National Park Service, and so forth.

Mr. BACON. Depending upon the work that that particular camp is doing?

Mr. MCENTEE. Yes, sir.

Mr. BACON. Do you require any political endorsements for any body in these camps?

Mr. MCENTEE. Recommendations have been accepted from Governors, Congressmen, Senators, almost any class of people. After all, in employing 40,000 people you have to take recommendations from some place.

Mr. WOODRUM. You do not have to pay any attention to them, do you? You have to take the recommendations, but you do not have to pay any attention to them?

Mr. McENTEE. I do not know that that is true, sir. But we do not employ the personnel. That is left to the technical agencies.

Mr. WOODRUM. Then I will ask that question of Mr. Morrell, of the Forest Service.

Mr. MORRELL. The technical personnel, the professional menengineers or foresters-the clerical personnel and the skilled mechanics are selected by our people without any restrictions. We take whatever recommendations we see fit, and they are selected by our field