by the odd vagaries of those who would neither fall into the ranks nor admit that they wanted to keep out of the ranks. He has gone steadily on as he began since it became his duty to lead the Liberal opposition in the House of Commons. He has done the work of leader honorably, patiently, consistently, and fearlessly, and he is recognized as leader by all true Liberals, English, Scottish, and Welsh, and he has never fallen away in the slightest degree from the principles of Gladstone where Home Rule and the other just claims of the Irish people are concerned. He has kept the Liberal flag

flying, and the whole Liberalism of the country is already beginning to rally round him and to recognize his leadership. Increasing responsibility has only developed in him new capacity to maintain the responsible place. We may well believe that he is destined to do great service yet to the Liberal cause, and to win an honorable place in British history. When he first became leader of the Liberal party in the House of Commons, he might almost have seemed to be the leader of a lost cause, but he has fought the fight bravely and will see the victory before long.

Among the Trees Again. By Evaleen Stein.

The Bowen-Merrill Co., Indianapolis. 4×7 in. 90 pages.

Around the World through Japan. By Walter

Del Mar. Illustrated. The Macmillan Co., New
York. 59 in. 435 pages. $3.

The author did much more than follow the beaten route of travel and seek for entertainment and the picturesque. He looked into the domestic and industrial life of the Japanese pretty closely, and his comments are often severely critical. For instance, he declares positively that it is almost impossible to hold Japanese merchants to their contracts, and that they are noted for "organized dishonesty;" that even at the Government railway ticket offices one gets wrong change more often than not, partly because public servants are so badly paid that they are tempted to dishonesty, and partly because they are so ignorant that they do not calculate correctly. The book has no literary pretensions, and it is thrown together in rather a rough-and-ready way, but it certainly contains a great amount of information. There are some faults of taste in the passages treating of the vice of Japan. Mr. Del Mar visited Hongkong, Shanghai (by the way, he found the Chinese merchant honest beyond cavil), Ceylon, Java, and other places as well as Japan. There are many pictures.

Bethlehem: A Nativity Play. By Laurence Housman. The Macmillan Co., New York. 5x7 in, 76 pages. $1.25, net.

This latest experiment in the field of miracleplay writing cannot be regarded as a notable success. It is a very respectable piece of verse cast in the old form, entirely reverent, and conforming to the requirements of the mediæval miracle-drama; but it is a piece of skill rather than a work of genius; it lacks feeling, and it nowhere convinces the reader.

Readers of The Outlook will remember that it was produced as a play in London not long ago, and that it failed to awaken any great interest. It is, at the best, an imitation; and the modern mind is so far removed from the attitude and temper which made the miracleplay possible that it is probably beyond the power of any save a poet of the highest genius and the deepest feeling to recall the piety, the reverence, and the poetry of the miracle-play. Daughter of Raasay (A). By William MacLeod Raine. The Frederick A. Stokes Co., New York. 5x7 in. $1.50. Delight the Soul of Art: Five Lectures. Arthur Jerome Eddy. The J. B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia. 5x74 in. 287 pages. $1.50, net. English Essays. Edited by Edward Everett Hale, Jr., Ph.D. (The Hawthorne Classics.) Globe School Book Co., New York. 4×7 in. 240 pages. Fatherhood of God (The): In Christian Truth and Life. By J. Scott Lidgett, M.A. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. 5x9 in. 427 pages. $3, net.

By

Mr. Lidgett's experience as Warden of the Bermondsey Settlement in London has deeply impressed him with the conviction that the ground of social unity and the principles of social co-operation are given only by the Biblical doctrine of the Fatherhood of God. The history of Christian doctrine shows the gradual disappearance of this, the cardinal truth in the New Testament, and more recently its slow and partial recovery. The doctrine of divine Fatherhood, as adumbrated in the Old Testament, and as treated in the successive periods of Church history to the present time, is elaborately reviewed. The general influences tending to restore the New Testament conception have been, as stated here, the new apprehension of the humanity of Christ, a recognition of the principle of a developing revelation, and more serious use of the doc

trine of the Trinity; also a taking for the starting-point the creation of man instead of his fall, a fuller apprehension of the divine immanence, a sense of the religious worth of the secular life, and a more humane tone of social life. From these tendencies Mr. Lidgett regards the Oxford Movement as essentially reactionary toward the medieval thought of the divine Sovereignty. On the other hand, he recognizes a modern proclivity to a sentimental weakening of the idea of Fatherhood, obscuring the truth of a righteous Sovereignty. The task of theology at present is so to restate the New Testament doctrine as to give it its true pre-eminence as the ideal for the regulation of the community. Whether Mr. Lidgett has chosen the most effective way to do this by a presentation of the doctrines of the Incarnation and the Atonement, as held by orthodox churches, may be open to a difference of opinion. Those who, though holding to these doctrines in some form, here feel obliged to part company with him, can follow him so far with general satisfaction. Gentle Art of Making Happy (The).

By

G. H. Morrison, M.A. The Fleming H. Revell Co., New York. 5x7 in. 60 pages. 35c., net. Historic Highways of America. Vol. III. Washington's Road (Nemacolin's Path). By Archer Butler Hulbert. Illustrated. The Arthur H. Clark Co., Cleveland, Ohio. 5x7 in. 215 pages. $2.50, net.

The third volume of "Historic Highways" is the most interesting yet issued. It tells about Washington's road built over the Indian trail known as "Nemacolin's Path," of which an exquisite illustration forms the frontispiece of the volume. In 1754 the young Virginian lieutenant-colonel opened the road, and Mr. Hulbert is well within the mark in saying that it formed the first and most important link in the chain of Federal union.

History of the Church of Christ (A). By Herbert Kelly. Vol. II. From 324 to 430 A.D. Longmans, Green & Co., New York. 5x7 in. 341 pages.

History of the French Revolution. By C. L.

James. Abe Isaak, Jr., Chicago. 5x8 in. 343 pages. This work appeared serially in the pages of "Free Society," Chicago. It is written with some literary ability from the standpoint of philosophical Anarchism, which deems it impossible so to organize government that it shall be beneficent, not tyrannical.

London Manual for 1903 (The). (Seventh

Year of Publication.) Edited by Robert Donald. Illustrated. Edward Lloyd, London. 5x7 in. 344 pages.

Manner of Life of Nancy Hempstead (The).

By Mary L. B. Branch. C. J. Victs, New London,
Conn. 5x91⁄2 in. 29 pages. 35c.

Man's Position in the Universe: A Rough Survey. By W. Sedgwick. George Allen, London. 5x7 in. 291 pages.

The general theme of this work is the correspondence between the physical and the moral order of nature. This is presented in an analogy between the conflict of good and evil powers for the soul of man, and the conflict of natural forces for the possession of atoms. We are unable to discuss the peculiar corpuscular theory of the author, but the Biblical

ideas of which he avails himself for the purpose of his analogy are not all such as hold their own in modern thought. Manual of Church History (A).

By Albert Henry Newman, D.D., LL.D. Vol. II. The American Baptist Publication Society, Philadelphia. 52x84 in. 724 pages. $1.75, net.

This volume sustains the reputation established by its predecessor for critical, sound, and varied learning. While it necessarily touches on many points of controversy, it is eminently characterized by fairness. No other of the standard church histories in the English tongue deals so thoroughly and so fairly with those progenitors of the free democratic, or congregational, type of Christianity who, under the name of Anabaptists, have suffered much from undiscriminating censure. This is a topic of church history that has greatly needed to be rewritten, and to be treated, as Dr. Newman treats it, with that fullness which is essential to judicial fairness. Distinguishing the fanatical Anabaptists, whose premillenarian dreams led on to the outburst of wild license in the sanguinary insurrection of the German peasants in 1525, from those whom he terms "the soundly Biblical" kind, Dr. Newman presents these to us as worthy of our admiration. His interest in this type of Christianity is apparent from the large space he assigns to it in his account of the AngloAmerican denominations, in which the Plymouth Brethren occupy more pages than the Methodists. His judgment upon the point at issue in the recent Whittsit controversy, that immersion did not become the rule among English Baptists till after 1640, can hardly fail to grieve some of his Southern brethren, the more so because it is incontrovertible. In connection with his statement that the oldest Congregational churches in Boston and vicinity became Unitarian, the First Church in Lynn, founded in 1632, is to be noted as an exception, though the only one. There is an attractive flavor of freedom and freshness in Dr. Newman's work, though one may occasionally hesitate in accepting his views. In the estimate of Luther, for instance, it may seem that more allowance is to be made for the coarse and half-barbarian temper of that time.

Queen Victoria. By Sidney Lee. The Macmillan Co., New York. 5x8 in. 611 pages. $3. Reserved for later notice.

Ralegh in Guiana, etc. By Barrett Wendell. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. 5×8 in. 143 pages. $1.50, net.

Real Things in Nature: A Reading Book of Science for American Boys and Girls. Illustrated. By Edward S. Holden, Sc. D., LI.D. The Macmillan Co., New York. 42x7 in. 443 pages. A plainly written series of talks about mechanics, physics, physiology, electricity, natural history, geology, and other branches of science. The author answers clearly just such questions as intelligent American boys would be likely to ask. There are numerous explanatory pictures and diagrams.

Road (The): The Ever-Existent, Universal, and Only Religion of God. By Charles Clark Har rah. Scott Heights Book Co., Des Moines, Ja 5x64 in. 144 pages. 25c.

Sabbath Transferred (The). By Rev. Johns D. Parker, Ph.D. (Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged.) Johns D. Parker & Co., East Orange, N. J. 5x7 in. 242 pages. $1.50. The traditional belief is that the observance of one day in seven as holy time was transferred from Saturday to Sunday by Apostolic sanction in the first century. The historical fact is that the observance of the Mosaic Sabbath ceased with the extinction of those who had kept it sacred-the Jewish-Christian section of the Church; while the GentileChristians, who thenceforward constituted the Church, had from the first observed Sunday only-the Lord's day. It was not a transfer so much as a survival of the fittest. Dr. Parker's theory is that the Sabbath as an institution was transferred from Saturday to Sunday by divine authority on the morning of the resurrection of Christ. Evidence for this is presented by his translation of Matthew xxviii. 1, where, for the accepted rendering, "toward the first day of the week," he substitutes "toward one of the Sabbaths, that is, the Christian Sabbath." The implication of this phrase seems to him to be that the day of Jesus' resurrection succeeded to the ancient Saturday-Sabbath as a day guarded by divine sanctions. It may be said that Dr. Parker's translation, though defensible as permissible, is rather precarious. Assent to the divine authority claimed for the "transfer " may reasonably require surer ground than two words in a narrative of unknown authorship and considerably later date than the event. As an argument with Sabbatarian Christians who still adhere to a Saturday observance Dr. Parker's reasoning may have some weight, and he applies it to them, saying that " Sabbatarianism is founded on a false translation." Not so; the quicksand underlying all Sabbatarian translations, true or false, is the fallacious notion of literalists generally, that the religious spirit is not in free control of all religious forms and ordinances.

Story of Alchemy and the Beginnings of Chemistry (The). By M. M. Pattison Muir, M.A. Illustrated. D. Appleton & Co., New York. 4×6 in. 185 pages. 35c., net.

This is an interesting story of the unscientific gropings which turned ultimately into the path of science, through that futile pursuit of the impracticable which, as experience often illustrates, leads the blind in a way they know not to substantial good. The world owes much to human illusions such as the alchemical view of nature. But when Mr. Muir tells us that this view still forms the fallacious basis of systems of ethics, philosophy, and art, those who know most about these may wonder how much he knows.

School in the Home (The): A Study of the
Debt Parents Owe Their Children. By Newell
Dwight Hillis. The Fleming H. Revell Co., New
York. 5x7 in. 126 pages. 30c., net.
The earliest, the most effective, yet the most
neglected school in the world is the subject of

memory should be free from the shibboleths of theological controversy. This principle rules out, to one's regret, Bishop Heber's otherwise admirable hymn for its dogmatic line,

"God in Three Persons, blessed Trinity." Even Calvin objected to this phrase; why then teach it to children? Other examples of equally objectionable theologizing occur in Dr. Hillis's selection, and limit its serviceable

ness.

Second Bank of the United States (The).

By

Ralph C. H. Catterall. (The Decennial Publications. Second Series. Vol. 11.) The University of Chicago Press, Chicago. 6x9 in. 538 pages.

Story of Good Will Farm (The). By G. W. Hinckley. Illustrated. The Good Will Publishing Co., East Fairfield, Me. 5x63⁄4 in. 139 pages. 75c. Story of Oratorio (The). By Annie W. Patterson. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. 5×72 in. 241 pages. $1.25, net.

Devotion to oratorio is almost distinctively British. Even the German works in this form of music have their chief vogue in England. The later development of oratorio has become merged into the rise of the cantata, which has been especially fostered by respectable but not especially inspired British composers. The theme of this book will appeal, therefore, to an element in the "musical public" which is somewhat limited, and to a considerable degree distinct, in this country at least, from the great body of lovers of pure music. The volume is a product of conscientious work and genuine enthusiasm. It is well supplied with appendices and an index. It is a useful book of reference.

Story of the Trapper (The). By A. C. Laut. Illustrated. D. Appleton & Co., New York. 5x74 in. 284 pages. $1.25, net. (Postage, 12c.) Miss Laut's former books about the frozen North have been fictitious in form, and have attracted comment by their vivid picturesqueness. Now she reconstructs for us the personality and tells of the wanderings of the trapper, who as a pioneer preceded the explorers of the West. She writes with animation and imaginative power-sometimes, indeed, one wishes that the imagination were restrained a little so as to make a better balance between plain fact and brilliant writing. All in all, it is a fine adventurous figure, this of the bold, wild master of woodcraft, who seems to love hardship and danger even more than he loves gain. The French or Indian trapper, the man who works for the Hudson's Bay Company or for his own hand, the seeker for otter, or beaver, or mink, or even buffalo-each has his traditions, his methods, and his peculiar points of interest. The book is in a way unique, and it is certainly readable.

Tarr and McMurry Geographies. Pennsylvania. Supplementary Volume. Illustrated. By William Rupert, C.E. The Macmillan Co., New York. 571⁄2 in. 101 pages.

a selection of Scripture and hymns. The essay on the debt of parents to children is admirable, but the selection of hymns is faulty. In general, hymns for children to commit to

pers. By William Reed Huntington, D.D. Thomas Whittaker, New York. 5x71⁄2 in. 129 pages. 25c. Unpopular Papers. By Norman Alliston. George Allen, Charing Cross Road, London. 4×7 in. 201 pages.

The Study of Live Birds

To the Editors of The Outlook :

One of the results of a recent article published in your valuable periodical, entitled "A Talk on Birds," has been the opening of a correspondence between many of your readers and myself. These letters have come from all parts of the country, and from beyond its borders. They have given me much pleasure and information, and I wish publicly to express my obligation to the many writers. Not a few of these have visited my laboratory to see some of the sources of such inspiration as I talked of, and it has occurred to me that others might care to pay a call on these friends in feathers. Will you, therefore, extend such an invitation from me in your columns? I am at home for such visits always on Saturdays, and shall be glad to welcome those who wish to know more of the birds and the work they are doing.

W. E. D. SCOTT. Laboratory for the Study of Live Birds, 341 Nassau Street, Princeton, N. J. [We are sure that bird-lovers and readers generally will also be interested to know that the full narrative of Professor Scott's experiences and adventures as a naturalist and traveler will soon be published by the Outlook Company under the title "The Story of a Bird-Lover."-THE EDITORS.]

"The Possibilities of Peat" To the Editors of The Outlook:

While waiting communications which will give fuller answers to the many interesting letters called out by my article in The Outlook of January 17, it will allay curiosity to know that the firm making pressed peat is a Canadian house, and that $1.75 a ton is a liberal estimate of the cost of production. The royalties are probably the rent of bogs leased for taking out peat by Government or private owners. Canadian and foreign enterprise quite excels American in the matter of using peat. Beyond two or three small local firms and one supplying florists with common air-dried peat, I am yet unable to name any sources which furnish it. few well-to-do families import Scotch peat se use, but do not seem too willing

A

to give any information on the subject. I should be glad to learn the addresses of any firms working in peat or peat machinery, here or abroad, as early as possible.

No subjects appear to be so little understood as the practical economy of fuels, and peat in particular. The Consuls of four countries applied to this month knew nothing of the excellent enterprise of manufacturers and scientific men in regard to peat in their own countries. Still, relentless perseverance will unearth the information wanted for immediate use-namely, firms here or abroad that will supply peat to burn and peat for interested manufacturers to examine. Inquirers may be sure their letters are welcome and will all receive attention. Experience dictates care in securing correct addresses to be used by fifty to a hundred eager correspondents, as well as the ability of firms to deal with such a serious addition to their regular work. I once forwarded about three hundred letters of inquiry for a new product to a manufacturer's agent in one of our large cities, to learn six weeks after that he grew tired of trying to answer them and burnt the whole batch without reply. The rest of the inquiries, many times the first installment, were sent to the manufacturer himself, who was interested enough to take care of them as they should be cared for. I will say again that correspondence on the subject of peat is entirely acceptable.

To many questions, it is enough to say $1.75 is a liberal estimate of the cost of making pressed peat, not the selling price. S. POWER.

37 West Nineteenth Street, New York City.

The Church and Young Men ology at the University of Chicago, a special In connection with the department of Sociinvestigation is being made of religious work on behalf of young men. The results are to be published in book form, and in order that the volume may be comprehensive and of real service, facts and suggestions from pastors, superintendents, and other church workers will be welcomed. Information as to books and magazine or newspaper articles bearing upon the subject is also desired. Any measure of co-operation will be much appreciated. F. G. CRESSEY,