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CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1874

Abstracts 518 - 521

CANALS & CANAL BOATS
518 - L Jan. 2; ed: 4/1 It is not often that boats have operated on the
Erie canal in January. This year, however, the canal has been open with
the exception of a week or two early in December until the present cold
spell, which will undoubtedly close up the rivers and canals throughout
the north.

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519 L Jan. 24; ed: 4/1 The low toll policy is to be continued on New York canals for another year, the state board having adopted the schedule of last year for the ensuing season. This action, and the execution of the proposed improvements will soon give evidence as to whether the Erie canal is a great public benefit or a useless ditch. (2)

520 L Jan. 27; ed: 4/4,5 - What with official reports, newspaper comments, the opinions of experts, and legislative action, the canal question manages to claim its full share of public attention. The Erie canal furnished a gross income of $3,082,452.03 from canals last year, while expenses on its account were $1,950, 624.40 less than its own receipts. A general demand and concentration of state care and appropriation upon the Erie canal has narrowed down to a dispute. According to Mr. Hatch, the Erie canal, even in its present bad condition, carried all the cereals shipped from the west in seven months of navigation in 1872. This is a more cheerful outlook in this most important matter than we have been generally led to anticipate, and it will be welcomed by all, especially by such as believe in the maintenance of the canal if for no other purpose than to afford a sufficient method of competition with the railroads.

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521 L Jan. 30:5/4 The feasibility of steam for canal navigation, though it has been denied in the most positive terms by a contemporary, who assumes to criticise an article of ours and which denies the soundness of our hitherto expressed opinions on the subject, is however, asserted in equally strong terms by no less authority than A. J. Whitney, resident engineer on the Pennsylvania canal. This gentleman, in a letter to the ENGINEERING and MINING JOURNAL states that "upright, direct-acting engines, with properly constructed boilers, are no doubt the best suited for the purpose of propelling boats." Mr. Whitney also maintains that to make steam a perfect success the canals must be adapted to its use, and that such an adaptation would consist solely in the enlargement of the locking capacity.

There are 71 locks on the Erie canal, 18 by 100 feet, which if enlarged to 36 by 220 feet, says Mr. Whitney, would cost about $3,000,000, and that these enlarged locks would allow a steamboat with a train of three barges to pass in but little more time than is now consumed in locking a single boat. He adds most emphatically that there is no practical difficulty in the way of the immediate adoption of steam as a motive power for canal purposes.

"We believe that four locks abreast of the present size should be all that is needed, and we do not believe in the policy of making boats up in tows."

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CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1874 Abstracts 522 - 525

CANALS & CANAL BOATS (Cont'd)

522 L Feb. 14; ed: 4/3 - The Toledo BLADE proposes that the Wabash canal now beginning at Toledo and ending at Terre Haute be extended to St. Louis. The construction of the old canal began under an act of Congress passed in 1821, authorizing the state of Indiana to construct a canal from Toledo through the public lands to the eastern line of Indiana, thence to Terre Haute, the head of navigation on the Wabash river. By this route a continuous line of water communication between Lake Erie and the Ohio river was to be secured. The one condition imposed by Congress was that the canal should be forever a public highway. After struggling along with the building of the canal for a few years Indiana appealed to Ohio to help her out by building the 80 miles of the canal which lay through the territory of this state. Ohio undertook the task, spending $3,000,000 before the work was completed. The debt that Indiana had incurred in building it kept growing heavier and heavier, and when the introduction of railroads killed the prosperity of the canal, that state refused to keep its end of the canal repaired and it soon became impassable. The state of Ohio appealed to the general government to compel Indiana to keep this public highway of commerce open and in repair. This Congress has not yet ventured to enforce, and the proposition now is to get clear of the whole matter by letting the government take the canal, enlarge and extend it to St. Louis, and make it the Erie canal of the west.

"We believe that there have been crazier schemes than this urged upon Congress, but not often, and, it is pleasant to remember, never before by Ohio."

L Feb. 21; ed: 4/2 - See Politics & Government United States

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523 L Feb. 23; ed: 4/2 The steam canal boat "dream" is gradually dissolving into thin air. The problem was thought to have been solved on the Erie canal, but the board of commissioners does not think so. The state of New York offered $100,000 to anyone who invented a successful steam canal boat. The commissioners met at Albany to consider which invention merited the award. After careful consideration they declined to award it to anyone, but agreed to give $25,000 to the two most successful inventors who would equip and put into operation five canal boats with specially arranged machinery.

Suppose Congress waits until a good steamboat is built before digging the canals.

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524 L Feb. 25;7/2 City council last night passed an ordinance providing for removal of the lock near Seneca st.

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525 L Mar. 6; ed: 4/1,2 The Cincinnati GAZETTE and COMMERCIAL are quarreling again about the Cleveland canal business. The COMMERCIAL seems to be in favor of baving the state give away the canals. The GAZETTE says no to this and points to the fact that the city of Cleveland has given the lessees of the Pennsylvania and Ohio canal $125,000 for their seven year lease of three miles, and asks if these three miles of

CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1874

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one canal is worth $125,000, how much ought all the canals in the state be worth? Having put this conundrum the GAZETTE adds that the editor of the COMMERCIAL cares not for the canals nor the state; that he is mad because they have repaired the condition and business of the canals; for this brings them revenue; that he wants the canal business destroyed so as to hurt the lessees.

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"If the COMMERCIAL is really as bad as this why need Cleveland care what it says about the canals?" (9) 526 L Apr. 11:8/3 The new weigh locks of the Ohio canal are to be located near the Grasselli Chemical works. Sixty men are laying the heavy stone walls which will be about ten feet in height and which will contain 1,200 perches of stone. The connection with the river will be made at a point not many rods below the weigh locks. It is expected that the work will be completed a week from today.

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527 - L May 4; ed: 4/4,5 Cincinnati is in raptures over the enactment in Congress of the Louisville and Portland canal bill. The government will now take possession of a work which for nearly 30 years has stood as an obstacle to the navigation of the Ohio river. The canal was finished about 1844, and was built to admit boats of small tonnage. In the years that followed railroads began to compete with the river boats in the carrying of freight, and it became necessary to double the size of the steamers in order to make them pay. The government spent $2,000,000 for a two mile canal which failed because of the high toll per steamer. Now the canal sells itself back to the United States for its debts. On June 7, the canal commissioner will reduce the toll to one-fifth of its former rate. It will be to the general advantage of all to have so important a channel of transportation as the Ohio river opened again to trade. (12)

528 - L May 11; ed: 4/3,4 - The report of the board of engineers which was appointed to make a survey for the great trans-Allegheny waterway has been submitted to Congress. The board consumed less than a week's time in making a personal investigation. It estimates the cost of the project near $60,000,000, and that its construction will require six years. The canal according to this report would be 70 feet wide, 70 feet deep, and capable of conveying boats of 280 tons burden. It must include 75 locks, and at least 60 dams with "turn outs" for the passing of boats. In addition, the tunneling of the Allegheny mountains 52 feet wide and 32 feet in height is necessary. Still further, there must be two enormous reservoirs to supply the summit level with water.

"A new and thorough survey should be made which would be worthy of the importance of this gigantic scheme, and furnish a basis upon which to found conclusions."

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529 L May 19; ed: 4/1 Canal navigation by steam will yet be made a practical success.

"Let New York prove the entire success of this experiment and canal navigation will soon be revolutionized."

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CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1874

Abstracts 530 - 534

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT

530 - L Jan. 2; ed: 4/3 - "With all the hanging of criminals that take place in this country, the amount of stupid carelessness, and inefficiency that prevails in the arrangement and conduct of such occasions is simply outrageous and horrible." Ropes that break, nooses that slip when they should not, and ropes that fail to slip when they should, killing the poor wretch by the poor process of strangulation, sheriffs who bungle, and deputies who blunder have come to be common incidents of an execution. The hanging of the Scandinavian sailor, Machella, at Jersey City added another to the long list of bungling and revolting executions that have been witnessed during the past three years in the vicinity of New York. There is again a loud cry for a competent hangman to be appointed in each state, or better still, one for the whole country, to travel round after the manner of Calcroyt in England.

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531 L Apr. 9; ed: 4/3 - Governor Dix of New York, in writing to Sheriff Gallup of Albany, of his inability to interfere with the sentence of the murderer Loewenstein and directing the Sheriff to carry that sentence into execution on Apr. 10, adds that he will hold Mr. Gallup personally responsible for complying strictly with the law in respect to spectators about the scaffold. The law restricts the witnesses of an execution to twelve jurymen and the necessary deputy sheriffs, and Governor Dix says that he will remove any sheriff who ignores this restriction and proceeds, as sheriffs do, to issue tickets to all his personal friends.

"It is a pity that the same principle cannot be more strictly enforced in other states. There is a great deal of prurient curiosity about such things which needs to be repressed.... Will Governor Allen imitate Governor Dix in this respect?"

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532 L Apr. 11; ed: 4/2 At the three last executions in the Cuyahoga jail, as high as 200 or 300 tickets have been issued on each occasion, and the halls and corridors of the prison were literally packed with spectators. No special order by Governor Allen is necessary to make this a private execution.

"Sheriff Smith is inclined to reform all this in the case of the coming execution of Stephen Hood, and we insist that he be sustained."

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533 L Apr. 11:8/2 - In a letter to the editor, "Sheriff P. B. Smith" says: "Concerning the orders from Governor Allen to make the execution of Stephen Hood a private one, I will state for the benefit of those interested that this as all other offical acts of mine will be performed in strict conformity of the law."

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534 L Apr. 30:5/2 In a letter to the editor, "Humanity" says: "Do not fail to raise your voice against the present practice of this civilized and enlightened people; this often brutal and inhuman method of performing capital punishment known as 'hanging.' This appeal is made at this

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CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1874

Abstracts 535 - 538

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT (Cont'd)

time, because I cannot refrain from protesting against the barbarous method so lately practised in our midst.

See also Homicides

CARGOES. See Shipping & Ships

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CARICATURES. See Cartoons & Caricatures

CARPETS & RUGS

535 L Mar. 11:7/5 The formal opening of the new store of Beckwith, Sterling, and Company took place yesterday. We may justly characterize this as the most brilliant event of its kind that was ever witnessed in Cleveland. Cleveland is able to boast with truth, the largest carpet establishment in the United States.

CARRIAGES

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536 L Sept. 7:8/4 The New York Coach Manufacturing co. of Messrs. Sims and DeMars is considered one of the outstanding enterprises of the city. The "side spar" which has held a preference over the other models has possessed a disadvantage which the company has overcome by purchasing the exclusive right for Cuyahoga county of J. B. Brewster and Company. "Cross spring." which will revolutionize the business of carriage building. With the same desire to please, this firm enters a future which we trust will yield them a plentiful harvest of success.

537 L Sept. 11:8/4 The opening of the new quarters of the New York
Coach Manufacturing co. was held last evening and was a great success.
The carriages and landaus exhibited possessed so many features entirely
new and so much that is elegant that it is difficult to describe.
prices ranged from $500 to $1,700.

The

The display will be conducted under supervision of Mr. Worthington, and will be a pleasant place for ladies and gentlemen to visit at all times. It is conveniently located just north of St. Clair on Bank st., and is destined to be a worthy representative of the widely known New York Coach Manufacturing co.

L Nov. 25; ed: 4/2 - See Rubber

CARTOONS & CARICATURES

538 L May 14; ed: 4/1 - The inflation newspapers are making a terrible. howl over Nast's caricatures of Butler, Morton, and other inflation leaders.

"Nast has been for years asking to get at Butler, and now that he has been turned loose upon the Essex statesman, the fur will have to fly."

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