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CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1874

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136 L May 6; ed: 4/3 It is greatly to be feared that the virtuous and sensible determination of the granges to keep out of politics will not last long. As long as the granges keep resolutely out of politics, and confine the work of their order to the improvement and protection of farmers as a class, the organization can be of immense value to its members. But, let it be understood that the granges are going into politics, that the farmers are ready to set themselves up to be managed by their leaders, and within six weeks they will be over-run by a pack of political shysters who are looking about like barnacles for something new to fasten upon. (12)

137 L May 16; ed: 4/1 - "Ignatius Donnelly is engaged in transposing

the anti-monopoly to the Donnelly-monopoly, another name for the power by which this tattered politician is striving to get a new official role." (2)

138 L June 10; ed: 4/3, 4 - The farmers of Indiana offer no excuse to the worn-out political hacks for calling the farmers' convention today. They hold it to be an inalienable right to act individually or unitedly as their welfare seems to demand.

"The farmers' convention may not overturn existing parties today, but it will enact the part of the teacher, designating errors and suggesting reforms and new progression. In this capacity they should and will, be heartily applauded.'

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139 L June 17; ed: 4/3,4 - The farmers of Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin are at present beset with a foe ten times more terrible than the potato bug is to their crops. The farmers are ruined by young granger speakers. If some plan could be devised for quietly impounding these demagogues and keeping them in close confinement somewhere outside the city limits until they recovered from their distemper it would be a blessing to society.

The farmers of Ohio are too intelligent to take any stock whatever in the pretensions of these blatant reformers, and whenever they compare the condition of our farmers to that of the old southern slaves, the farmers themselves ought to frown them into silence.

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(10) 140 L June 29; ed: 4/1,2 - "The Good Hope Grange No. 198, of the Patrons of Husbandry, Illinois, recently disbanded for the following reasons which the members set forth in a preamble and resolution: First, the officers have assumed powers that are tyrannical; second, misappropriation of the finances of the lodge; third, the attempt of the chief officers to divert it from its original purpose and to make of it a political party. "The influence of political demagogues is what the grangers have most to fear, and the moment they attempt to govern the subordinate organizations for political purposes, the members can do nothing better than to follow the example of the Good Hope Grange of Illinois.

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CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1874

Abstracts 141 - 145

AGRARIANISM (Cont'd)

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141 L July 20; ed: 4/2 - The western grangers begin to find that their policy has aroused in financial circles a hostility which is beginning to create alarm wherever the granger element has become powerful in politics. It has been supposed that western prosperity depends upon the efficiency of its railroads.

"The Cranger method of reform is based upon a condition of absolute hostility between the farming community and all co-operative interests railroads in particular."

142 L July 31; ed: 4/2 - The grangers are preparing for a campaign in the west with the motto "down with the railroad monopolies." The freight

on wheat from Chicago to New York foots up as follows:

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Steam from Chicago to Buffalo

Elevating at Buffalo

Rail from Buffalo to New York

2-7/8 cents

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Handling the wheat in New York city costs three cents a bushel and freight from New York to Liverpool fourteen cents, so that the farmers' bushel of wheat makes the entire journey from Chicago to England for twenty-eight and a half cents.

The farmer is about the only man in business whose labor products are now in active demand throughout this country and Europe, at prices fully up to the standard of prosperous times. "With these facts in view does not the Granger theory lose some of its weight?"

AGRICULTURE

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L Jan. 3; ed: 4/2 - See Welfare

143 - L Jan. 17:7/1 - The annual election of officers of the Cuyahoga Agricultural society is to be held at ten a.m. today.

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144 L Dec. 3; ed: 4/2 - The farmers of the states west of the Alleghenies, who usually have so much to complain of, will not fail to see that they hold the long end of the rope this year. While eastern manufacturers are shutting down their mills, the farmers are in comparative clover. It is estimated that $150,000,000 is being received by the farmers for grain, hay, meats, and fruit. This vast sum has put them into comparatively easy circumstances. In fact the grain and pork reports of Chicago form the most cheering chapter now found in the business intelligence.

145 L Dec. 28:8/1 - The state board of agriculture will meet in Cleveland Jan. 6. It is composed of the presidents of the different county societies. The term of service of five members will expire on that date, and the vacancies will be filled by re-election of new members.

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CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1874

Abstracts 146 - 149

AGRICULTURE (Cont'd)

Agricultural Education

146 L Jan. 12; ed: 4/1 - The Ohio Agriculture and Mechanical college enjoys a fullfleged existence, with inaugural exercises on Jan. 8 happily gotten through with. Its success or failure depends on the people and the state, for the earnest devotion to liberal education which characterizes President Orton's speech gives proof that its management means to make the most of all the agencies that may be provided.

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147 L Feb. 5; ed:4/2 Monroe in acting wisely in asking that investigation be made into the agricultural colleges in the country to ascertain whether they have received funds due them from the sale of their land scrip and whether they have made proper use of such funds.

"Cannot the committee extend the scope of observations and inform us as to what exact number of graduates of these liberally endowed colleges are now tilling the soil?"

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(3) 148 L Mar. 9; ed: 4/3 - Under the resolution of Congress adopted on Feb. 2, the Hon. James Monroe, chairman of the committee on education and labor, has sent to the officers of all agricultural and other colleges an elaborate and carefully arranged series of questions making inquiries concerning the investment and security of the funds of those institutions. This is the beginning of a thorough and long needed investigation of mechanical and agricultural colleges founded by the liberality of the gov

ernment.

Considering all that the government has tried to do for the advancement of agricultural education, the results are suprisingly small. Monroe's forthcoming report will probably show where the trouble is. (7)

See also Agrarianism; Farms & Farming; Grain

ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS

149 L Jan. 19; ed:6/3 The plea put in for the German national drink is that it is not only harmless but also decidedly healthy. We are told beer brewers are public benefactors, for they supply the people with a mild stimulating drink which is destined to supplant and drive from the country whisky and all other distilled liquors which are producing such an amount of drunkenness and woe in the land.

We have no disposition, at present, to expel the delightful vision thus conjured up the philosophical German mind but will only record. the fact recently brought to light in Germany, that beer, there, is no longer the simple juice of barley spiced with hops, which it formerly was and which may in their simplicity still believe it to be. The barley part has been a great extent superceded for years by West India molasses, sugar of starch, and similar substances which, by the composition of the fusel oil contained therein and by the process of fermentation, do not contribute materially to the healthfulness of beer. To crown all,

CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1874 Abstracts 150 - 154

ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS (Cont'd)

the discovery is now made that the seed of the extremely poisonous colchicum autumnale is largely used as a substitute for hops in the manufacture of beer.

"If such be the case in Germany, what may not be expected of brewers in America?"

(16) 150 L Feb. 24; ed: 4/1 Statistics of liquor manufacturing in Ohio show that materials and labor for a year's work cost $8,221,932. With interest on the capital of $497,996 we have a total of $8,719,928. Subtracting this from the selling price there is left a margin of $4,561,940.

"As long as any established business pays 50 per cent per annum on the capital invested, so long will it be difficult to restrain men from pursuing that business."

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151 L Feb. 24:6/2,3 In a letter to the editor, S. K. Bolton says: A large number of persons think wine and beer harmless, others that they are beneficial, strengthening the body. Are these fermented liquors nutritious? Professor Liebig, greatest of chemists, says that a person must drink 23 barrels of beer to get as much nutriment as in a five cent loaf of bread or in three pounds of meat. Of what is beer made? Of malt, hops, and water. What of wine? The albumen of the grape is valuable nourishment, but in fermenting becomes yeast, which is corrupting matter. Wine is worse than beer says Dr. Lee. Do fermented liquors enliven the mind? Dr. Quincy says that wine disorders the mental faculties and unsettles the judgment. The idea prevalent among American mothers that beer-drinking is strengthening to themselves and their infant is erroneous and injurious to both. Do they prolong life? No.

152 L Mar. 5; ed: 4/1,2 Now the patriotic rum seller turns up with his reason for stopping the whisky war. The patriotic rum seller feels sad because decreased sales of liquor cause a falling off in the revenues and increased taxation will be necessary. If he should turn preacher and induce his customers to loan the government what they pay him for drinks, how would the account stand? Then he could pay three fourths of the national debt in a single year. Could he benefit the government as much

in the way of revenues by selling drinks over the bar?

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153 L Mar. 25; ed: 4/2 The real sentiment of the German people here should be better understood. Though quite generally believing in the proper use of beer and wine, the German-American is by instinct and education opposed to the drunkenness that grows out of such beverages.

154

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L Mar. 27; ed: 4/3 The WAECHTER AM ERIE says: "Mr. Thieme is of the opinion that the whisky distillers and whisky dealers are pursuing a legitimate business for which they are taxed by the state, and that they, therefore, possess rights which even the temperance bodies have to respect."

"These words only serve to illustrate how impossible is any correct

CLEVELAND NEWSPAPER DIGEST JAN. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1874

Abstracts 155 - 159

ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS (Cont'd)

understanding of the temperance crusade by any person who does not know 1st, that dram selling in Ohio is a crime against law, and 2nd, that the whole liquor traffic in all its branches and ramifications, from the distillery to the five cent dram in a Spring street shanty, is morally under the ban of society."

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155 L Mar. 30; ed: 4/2 - Imitation whisky is a fluid that is made up of high wines, aqua fortis, nux vomica, aloes, burnt sugar, and other ingredients of which imitation brandy, rum and gin are made. If the SUNDAY VOICE is really interested, it will find a wide field for study in the 1,300 saloons in Cleveland. When it finds, as it easily can, whisky being retailed at less price than the honest revenue tax on that whisky ought to be, it may conclude that in all probability it is "imitation.' (5)

156 L May 15; ed: 4/2 - A temperance society in Lincoln, Neb., sent

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round to all the saloons to get bottles of the most popular liquors and employed a chemical professor to analyze them. A physician said that the rubbish sold in these saloons would cause a bad case of delirium tremens within 60 days.

"If Nebraska whiskey contains kerosene, potash, salts of lead, and strychnine, and if their best brandy is simply a mixture of sulphuric acid, turpentine, lime, strychnine, logwood, and fusel oil, what do the tipplers of Cleveland suppose that they have absorbed in the nips of the last five years?"

L May 29:7/2 - See Courts Grand Jury

L June 13:8/3 - See Games & Sports
See Games & Sports Billiards

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157 L July 3; ed: 4/2 The hot indignation of the temperance people of Cincinnati over the duplicity of their judges, the inefficiency of the police, and the torpidity of the grand jury in respect to violations of the liquor laws, has found vent in several excited and heterodox indignation meetings, in which one speaker likened the condition of the temperance people to that of the colonists when the stamp act was imposed and they counseled revolution. This, of course, is carrying the point too far. No revolution can effect what public opinion does not sanction and demand.

"Whatever cannot be done lawfully and peaceably, with the ballot and appeals to the hearts and consciences of men, cannot be done at all."

158 - L July 27:8/3 - The case of the state versus Sigmund Stein on the charge of illegally selling liquor the first case brought by the Temperance league - is to be concluded today in common pleas court.

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L Aug. 26:7/4 - See Vice

159 L Aug. 28:7/3 - William Krum pleaded guilty to the charge of selling liquor contrary to law and was fined $20 and costs.

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