TABLE 4.- PERCENTAGE OF TRADE UNIONISTS IN THE STATE AT THE END OF SEPTEMBER BELONGING TO ORGANIZATIONS IN FIRST AND SECOND CLASS CITIES AND IN THE REMAINDER OF THE STATE.

The changes in the number and the membership of labor organizations by industries during the year are summarized in Table 5. Every industry save one (tobacco, which remained stationary) gained in number of organizations. In the building industry, the gains were distributed, the largest being that of 10 organizations in the building and paving trades. Of the total increase of 35 in transportation, 10 were in railways, 10 in freight handling and 8 in teaming and cab driving. In clothing and textiles, there was an increase of 15 organizations in the garment trades, 12 in the boot, shoe and glove trades and 5 in the textile trades. In the metalsmachinery industry, there were 12 new organizations in the iron and steel trades and 6 in trades other than in iron and steel. Of the 23 new organizations in the miscellaneous group, 10 were of up-State paper and paper goods workers.

In membership every industry gained. In the building industry, the gain was confined to the building and paving trades, there having been slight losses in the other two sub-divisions of that industry. Of the total gain in the building industry, 77 per cent was in New York City, chiefly among painters and decorators. Rochester reported the next largest gain, 13 per cent of the total, the chief item being 800 general building and street laborers. In transportation, there was a gain of nearly 8,000 members, Buffalo reporting 87 per cent of the total, equally divided between railways and teaming. In New York City, there was a loss of nearly 2,000 members, chiefly in the navigation trades. The clothing-textiles industry reported 70 per cent of the total gain in all industries. Of the clothingtextiles increase, 98 per cent was in New York City and 82 per cent

was in the garment trades in New York City. The membership of the textile trades doubled and of the shirt, collar and cuff trades tripled, the increase in each case being practically confined to New York City. The increase in the restaurant, trade, etc., group was due chiefly to the strike among the Brooklyn barbers in May, 1913, which led to the formation of a new union with 4,500 members.

TABLE 5.- INCREASE OR DECREASE OF UNIONS AND MEMBERS IN 1913, BY INDUSTRIES. INCREASE (+) OR DECREASE

The union membership of each of the industries for a period of years, dating back to and including 1894, is given in the following table. The growth of organization in the clothing industry is the most striking feature of the table. On September 30, 1912, this industry for the first time took the leading position as to union membership in the State, exceeding by 200 that of the building

industry. On September 30, 1913, its membership was nearly 88,000 in excess of the building industry, and included one-third of the total union membership in the entire State. Ninety-five per cent of its membership was in New York City.

TABLE 6.- NUMBER OF UNION MEMBERS IN EACH INDUSTRY, 1894 TO 1913.*

*The figures for industries in earlier years in this table do not always agree with those in the annual reports for those years owing to changes made to correspond to the revised classification of trades now used by the Bureau.

In September, 1913, there were 292 distinct trades or branches of trade, each of which had at least one labor organization as compared with 279 such trades a year ago. In 65 trades there was a union membership of 2,000 or more as compared with 60 such trades a year ago. Eight trades- basters, knitters, underwear makers, electrical apparatus makers, carriage, wagon and automobile workers, laundry workers, dock builders, and shirt makers appear in this list which were not included in 1912; and three trades rock drillers and tool sharpeners, steam fitters and helpers, and boiler makers- which were included in the list a year ago do not appear in the 1913 list.

The union membership increased in 54 of these trades, decreased in 10 and remained stationary in the organization of actors and chorus singers. Coat, pants and vest makers, reporting a gain of 31,000 members, moved up from twentieth to second place in the list; waist, dress and wrapper makers, with a gain of 23,000, moved up from sixteenth to third place, and basters, entering the list in 1913 with a gain of 10,000, took thirteenth place. There were decreases of as much as 2,000 members in two trades only hod carriers and skirt makers.

In number of organizations, 30 trades in this list increased, 8 trades decreased, and 27 trades remained unchanged. The largest organizations were 11 organizations of boot and shoe workers, 10 of coat, pants and vest makers, 8 of paper and pulp workers and 7 of longshoremen. The largest decrease was of 5 organizations of electrical workers.

TABLE 7.- NUMBER AND MEMBERSHIP OF UNIONS IN TRADES HAVING 2,000 OR MORE MEMBERS (SEPTEMBER), 1894 AND 1911-1913.

TABLE 7.- NUMBER AND MEMBERSHIP OF UNIONS IN TRADES HAVING 2,000 OR MORE MEMBERS (SEPTEMBER), 1894 AND 1911-1913

concluded.

*July 1. † Includes unions composed exclusively of steamfitters and helpers. + Includes press feeders, ¶Includes clothing cutters and trimmers, and wrapper, shirt and waist cutters. **Included in pressmen. (b) All branches, including grain workers and maltsters. (d) Includes cable splicers and linemen. (e) Includes both commercial and railroad telegraphers.