stress and anxiety of the first months of the world war must have taxed his nerve and power to the utmost. Now he retires after five years and more of service of the utmost value to his country. The English papers not only express sympathy and concern over the ill health that has forced Mr. Page's retiral and admiration for his personality, but recognize how much he has done to draw the two peoples together. Particularly they point out his tact when the United States was neutral and questions relative to the British blockade were arising, and his eloquence after the United States entered the war, and refer with enthusiasm to his address at Plymouth upon the fourth anniversary of the outbreak of the struggle. "Mr. Page was a worthy successor of Lowell, Bayard, and Choate," says the London" Express." ." "His term of office was a hard one, and he served his country and ours admirably well." A portrait of Mr. Page appears elsewhere in this issue.

America will be fortunate if the difficult task of finding a successor to Ambassador Page results in filling the post with a man who understands Englishmen as well as he did. Personal and political considerations should not for a moment weigh in the selection of an Ambassador who will be a force in unifying the war effort and the hearty fellowship of the two great AngloSaxon peoples.

THE OLD-TIME NEW ENGLAND SHIPYARDS

After a long period of inactivity, some of the world's largest cargo ships are now being built at the New England shipyards. This is particularly noticeable in Maine, a State once renowned for the great number and fine quality of its ships. In the old days the Maine clippers, brigs, brigantines, and barkentines were known in many waters, particularly in those of the West Indies and South America. But when the war came in 1914 only a few wooden ships were being constructed in Maine. About a year ago the Federal Shipping Board began its activities. Since then the Maine shipyards have been engaged in building 116 vessels. A number of them have already been launched. There are wooden freight steamers, steel freighters, tugboats, lighters, trawlers. Some 15,000 men are working at full speed in the yards. There are thirty-nine shipyards of size. Old ship-building plants that were long dead and mourned as supposedly beyond resurrection have sprung to life again “and with an energy they never knew in their palmiest days," the Shipping Board people say.

In one Maine yard they have a clever motto: "Not Do Your Bit-Do Your All."

Turning to Massachusetts, another ship-building State, we find that in 1855 it launched 156 vessels, many of them small fishing craft, with a total of nearly 93,000 tons; that marked the prime stage of America's merchant marine industry. But what does the present show? proudly asks the Shipping Board. In the chief Massachusetts yard, that of the Fore River Shipping Corporation at Quincy, 15,000 men-as many as in all Maine--are working day and night on ships, some 12,000 men on vessels for the Navy and some 3,000 men on merchant ships.

At Fall River, Somerset, Somerville, and Chelsea the yards are busy turning out three-masted and four-masted wooden sailing schooners and auxiliary schooners. The old-time yards at Gloucester and Essex are occupied chiefly with building fishing craft.

The Shipping Board's statement as to these things contains this account of the origin of the name schooner: "It was about the year 1713 and at Gloucester the first vessel of the schooner type was launched. A tradition persists that, enthusiastic at the speed made on her trial trip, a boy exclaimed, 'See how she schoons! A schooner let her be!' agreed the builder, hearing the remark. The word schoon in ancient New England meant making a flat stone skip along the water."

A BACHELOR'S GARDEN

We have just heard of a Government employee at Washington who attends night school, but who has found time between office hours and the starting of his evening studies to care for a war vegetable garden. He has a list of no less than

thirty-five varieties of produce in that garden, and, what more, he gives away all the food he raises.

That this kind of work is attempted by this kind of ma an additional evidence that the number of war gardeners increased. They now number some 5,285,000, according the estimates of the National War Garden Commission. divides the war gardens by sections, as follows:

South, 1,264,000; New England, 262,000; New Yo Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware, 752,000; Cent West, 2,430,000; and the Pacific Coast and Mountain Stat 577,000. The greatest percentage of increase was noted throu the Central West, this being accounted for by the fact t some of the other sections of the country had a larger num of war gardens in proportion to the population last year th did the Central Western States.

It became evident early in the season that there was to be correspondingly great effort to save as much as possible of t war-garden surplus. Says President Wilson: "Every pou of vegetables properly put up for future use and every jar fruit preserved add that much to the insurance of victory. is thus a satisfaction to note the National War Garden Co mission's estimate of a total of not less than 1,450,000,0 quart jars of canned vegetables and fruit stored away t summer for future use.

In many cases, tons of vegetables have thus been saved whi could not have been taken care of by individual effort. In t first place, demonstration kitchens proved of value. In t second place, community canning has been inaugurated on large scale. For instance, in Dallas, Texas, some 17,500 cans vegetables were put up in the first few weeks after the comm nity cannery was started there.

A picturesque canning undertaking is that of Hickory, Nor Carolina. The employees in the machine shop of the Caroli and Northwestern Railway Company there turned the cylind of an old engine into a canning plant, connecting it with t shop steam-boiler. They put in three shelves of heavy wire scre to hold the jars of vegetables, and did their garden preservin after regular hours.

"Food will win the war." We are beginning to realize th more than ever, now that we see such examples of the spi which inspires America.

THE BOWLING GREEN ASSOCIATION

Those who visit New York City seem to have an idea th social missionary work is necessary only on the lower East Sid There is a lower West Side which also needs attention. Tru it is not so large in area as the East Side; it lies in the ang formed by Vesey Street, Broadway, Bowling Green, and t Hudson River. It is thus one of the old sections of the metrop lis, and was once inhabited by the "first families."

It now houses many thousand immigrants-Syrians, Turk Greeks, Russians, Hungarians, Italians, Irish, Germans, a eighteen other nationalities. The men are largely longshorem working among the docks and warehouses; or they are cleane for the great downtown office buildings; or they do porter wo of various kinds. The women and children are in evidence many a hurrying commuter as he goes from the subway station through the connecting streets to the Hudson River ferries. I the narrowest streets may be seen old houses, the open doors which show hallways patched and shored, layers of wall-pap generations old, and courtyards littered and filled with yar toilets. The street and the courtyards are the only places of ou door recreation for either grown-ups or children. Indoor recre tion may be guessed at from the many saloons and pool-room of a low order.

The grown-ups do not interest the hurrying commuter as mu as do the children, most of them Syrian children, with th peculiar olive complexion, raven-black hair, and lustrous ey characteristic of the race. They are puny children. Even th hurrying commuter longs to stop and help them in some way. He can help them. Let him realize that the New York choler epidemic, seventy years ago, reached its height in this ver neighborhood, and that tuberculosis now thrives in it. When b reads this and thinks of the pale-cheeked, listless, thin-bodie little waifs he has seen in that congested neighborhood, may h

not fod that these might be some greater chance for them really

༑འོ། ་། ། །།་་་་ ། ད ་ ། ་

The Bowling Green Beighborhood Association, at 45 West Buod Now York City, offers him an opportunity to aid. He will road now that the current inftant death rate in that district Fra pra Humusund, as agorinst the city rate of 29 per thousand; lokmat you we hope he will read different figures, and feel Houd jealoups hn, by joining the Association, has been in some amall degree responsible for the change.

With an infections discuss rate more than three times that of Manhattan Jaland in general, and a diarrhosal disease rate four Tina as great, there is indeed need for the district health conter and maternity clinic which the Association has established. It has reduced the infant mortality from 821 to 175 per thousand. It has cotaldishod a dental clinic, a malnutrition clinic, and, glove all, a bureau for fresh air outings, which has greatly decrease child morbidity and mortality. The Association has alan waged such a campaign that houses have been torn down and rebuilt or have boom partially remodeled in which sug gatal ropatta have been made. The Association has established a big playground and a library for the children, and a club hous with dancing and other distractions for the grown ups. It has extended help to every family in the neighborhood. It is gradually making the district a sate and clean place in which

LIGIFT FROM DARK AFRICA

Kikuya, in Betish East Africa, became notorions a few Totta ago for au coclesiastical controversy that drew the attenCom of the Euglish speaking people. Today it comes to the Today it comes to the trout in towardices for church unity. The Anglican missionacy Hoshops of Mombasa, Uganda, and Lansibar and the heads qt ketesh missionary societies met there in conference at midsummer and reached agreemenÎ.

The controversy in which their last meeting ended was pres varinated by the Bishop of sausaban. In the administration of the Lord's Super urssionary clergymen not episcopally ordained had veticaaned together with their Episcopal brethren, against which inregulerity he appealed so the Promate of the Churcà of kingsand, the Ayabidop of Canterbury. A heated disenssien home net roztáwich sprang upa grachtay calmed dowu

known as the John Ericsson League of Patriotic Service the Danish League, named after the great friend of the merged tenth," the Jacob A. Riis League of Patriotic S The Danish and Slavic Leagues were the direct outgrowth Third Liberty Loan drive, having been formed on May May 30 respectively, while the Swedes, who had reco the situation earlier, and who also wanted to impress thei alty after the Luxburg disclosures, had organized the March. Judge Harry Olson, Chief Justice of the Chicag nicipal Court, is President of the John Ericsson Leagu Edwin Björkman, the prominent translator and writer, in the capacity of general secretary and organizer. Dr Henius, the well-known chemist, is President of the I League; and John F. Stepina, the President of the First ican State Bank, is head of the Slavic League. On the c councils are the leading men of the three races from ove whole country.

The principal object of the leagues is, of course, the icanization of all the people of their race in this countr the securing of their loyal co-operation in every activit nected with the winning of the war. Hence their for organization has been planned for the quickest and mos cient ways of accomplishing this object. The Swedes h system of subordinate councils in every important Sw center throughout the country; the Danes have a centra catalogue system, built up by the efforts of the head Cour One Hundred and the co-operation of every Danish fra and church organization in the country; and the Slav making good use of the subsidiary national groups that j together to build the big allied league, namely, the Bohe Croatian, Polish, Slovak, Lithuanian, Serbian, and Ukra Thus, as soon as the Government wants publicity conce the Liberty Loan, the Red Cross, or any other war me the leagues have the machinery ready, not only for spre the information, but also for supplementing it with such methods as are necessary where the response might othe be lukewarm.

As additional purposes, the leagues are all workin esta bhing better relations and understanding between mother countries and this country, and, too, they are taki active part in the social welfare of their members in the v camps. The Slavie League has also the hope of being a help materially in the strugge of their European un for national autonomy.

Uthough the leagues are formei aly 5 r the had a waz, unioubtedly they will and it wise to entire their e und the Americanation of all their members s fil 1 plished. They cannot well be other than a fee for good

The Shanghai Volunteer Cors mills w

T

of militia, which, however, is under obligation to co-operate with the S. V. C. whenever the common interests of foreigners are threatened.

The members of the S. V. C. drill one day a week nine months in the year, and formerly had a training camp every now and then. But recently there has been enough to do without training camps. Many members of the corps have gone to the front, and those who have remained in Shanghai have kept themselves in constant readiness to jump into their fighting togs, like welltrained policemen, for German intrigue in China has demanded constant vigilance.

After the war began the German and Austrian companies of course drilled apart from the rest of the corps, but on one occasion all nationalities took part in a sham battle together as if the old feeling of friendliness still existed. As a matter of fact, comparatively little bitterness was to be seen between the Germans and Britons who had formerly drilled together until the Lusitania was sunk. Then there was a decided change. But the Teutonic companies, of course, could not be disbanded until China entered the war. When China did that, the Teutons were promptly deprived of their arms, and now the S. V. C. is entirely an organization in the interest of the Allies.

U

A JUST PEACE

NITED STATES Senator Lewis, of Illinois, is reported to have said at a recent gathering at the American Luncheon Club in London that the Allies ought not lefine in detail the conditions of peace because it would deprive he peace commissioners of the trading basis necessary in the onduct of peace negotiations.

If this report is true, Senator Lewis neither understands the luty of the Allies nor the spirit of the American people. There hould be no trading with the brigands who have plundered Belgium and France, Poland and Serbia. We should not ask hem on what terms they will make peace. We should tell them n what terms they can secure peace.

At one time in the history of Israel the people suffered oppression at the hands of their neighbors, the Syrians. The civiliation of the Syrians was not much better than the civilization of the Germans. It is recorded of the King of Syria that he estroyed the people of Israel, "and made them like the dust i.threshing." Elisha, the prophet of Israel, was sick, “of his ickness whereof he died." And the King of Israel went to conult him. The rest of the story we will give as it is narrated in he Book of Kings:

And Elisha said unto him, Take bow and arrows: and he took unto him bow and arrows. And he said to the king of Israel, Put thine hand upon the bow: and he put his hand upon it. And Elisha laid his hands upon the king's hands. And he said, Open the window eastward: and he opened it. Then Elisha said, Shoot and he shot. And he said, The Lord's arrow of victory, even the arrow of victory over Syria, for thou shalt smite the Syrians in Aphek, till thou have consumed them. And he said, Take the arrows: and he took them. And he said unto the king of Israel, Smite upon the ground: and he smote thrice, and stayed. And the man of God was wroth with him, and said, Thou shouldst have smitten five or six times; then hadst thou smitten Syria till thou hadst consumed it: whereas now thou shalt sinite Syria but thrice.

We recommend this narrative to our ministerial readers. furnishes an appropriate text for the times.

A work abandoned half done is not begun. What did we art to do? For what have we sent our young men to die on e bloody fields of France? For what have we laid upon ourIves a burden of taxation wholly unprecedented in the history the Nation? For what have we substituted war bread for beat bread, stinted ourselves in the use of sugar, economized coal to the point of serious discomfort if not at times and in aces to the point of peril, disorganized our industries, surndered for the time our individual liberties, turned over to Government our telegraphs and our railways? President ilson in his Labor Day message gives to those questions the

rrect answer:

Let us make this, therefore, a day of fresh comprehension, not only of what we are about and of renewed and clear-eyed resolu

tion, but a day of consecration also in which we devote ourselves without pause or limit to the great task of setting our own country and the whole world free to render justice to all and of making it impossible for small groups of political rulers anywhere to disturb our peace or the peace of the world, or in any way to make tools and puppets of those upon whose consent and upon whose power their own authority and their own very existence depend. This is what we have undertaken to do. Woe be to us if we stay our hands until it is accomplished. To accomplish this, to make the world free to render justice to all, to make it impossible for small groups of rulers anywhere to disturb our peace or the peace of the world, or, for that matter, for any people maddened by ambition and self-conceit to disturb that peace, it is not enough that we dethrone the Hohenzollerns, not enough that we destroy the military oligarchy that now rules Germany; we must deprive the German nation of the power ever to attempt again the scheme of world dominion. Eric Fisher Wood quotes Raemaekers as saying: "I do not believe that there is any German who is not a pan-German. All of them suffer from this national and nation-wide megalomania." We have been loth to believe this. We were inclined to agree with President Wilson's discrimination between the rulers of Germany and the German people. But we do not believe in that discrimination any longer. We do not think that the President any longer believes in it. The entire German people are obsessed with the insane delusion that the German nation is divinely ordained to rule the world. The evidence is too strong to be gainsaid. It is not safe to allow in such a crisis the wish to be father to the thought. There will be no world peace until the Anglo-Saxon and the Latin and the Slav and the Chinese and the Japanese and the African and the Teuton believe in a democracy of nations as well as in a democracy of individuals, believe that each race has its place in the family of mankind, believe in mutual respect and mutual good will, believe in international law and international fellowship, believe in an international policy of "Live and let live."

Only a just peace can be a permanent peace.

If, as the result of this war, Germany is compelled to pay the financial damage she has done to Belgium and France and Poland and Serbia, and to the commercial nations whose ships engaged in peaceful commerce she has sunk upon the seas, it may be hoped that she will no longer believe that "Might is the supreme right." It is due to her as well as to the nations she has plundered that she be compelled to do justice that they may receive justice. For it is only as she is compelled to do justice that she will believe in justice. And it is due to the God of justice to whom her Emperor has so often and so theatrically appealed that true justice be represented by us in the final settlement of this war.

A judge who should sentence a criminal on a " trading basis" would be unfit to sentence anybody. If we should barter with Germany over the terms of peace we should be unfit to call ourselves the standard-bearers of democracy, and should be selling our birthright for a mess of pottage.

THE DEMOCRACY OF A PRIVATE

SCHOOL

You have been looking for a school for your boy. Perhaps you have not been satisfied with the public school of your neighborhood. Perhaps you want your boy under masculine influence for a while-something he may not be able to get at home. Perhaps you are convinced that he needs to be thrown on his own reliance as he cannot be if he stays at home and goes to day school. And yet you hesitate to send him to a private boarding-school. You have heard that boarding-schools are undemocratic, and that in a free country like this the only democratic schools are those of the public school system. You don't want your boy to grow up to be a snob, a man apart from his fellows. You want him to be a prince of the royal house, and in a democracy the royal house is the common people. You do not want him shut out from the privileges of his kind. And yet you need not for that reason hesitate to send him to a private school. Among the private schools of this country are

to be found some of the most democratic of its institutions. One way of showing this is to tell of the record of one school that we know.

In the first place, though it is within a two-hour journey from one of the great cities of the Nation, the school is set in the open country. Its acres cover the crest of a mountain spur. On one side spreads a broad rolling valley, with its farms, villages and towns, and its wide river. On the other side is the mountain range with its woods, its wild life, its ponds and springs and brooks. The fact that there is a private boarding-school in such a situation makes for democracy. The little public school in the neighborhood is for the young children of the neighborhood; but this private school is for boys from all parts of the Nation. In the public school the child of the mountain meets and knows only the child of the mountain; but in the private school the boy from Ohio and the boy from New Jersey, the boy from Illinois and the boy from Massachusetts, become friends. Sectionalism is a foe to democracy. The man whose acquaintance is parochial may prove as dangerous to a democracy as the man who has always kept his life within the narrow circle of a little social group. In a private school West and East and South and North mingle as they seldom if ever are found mingling in a public school. Situated as it is, this private boarding-school gives to these boys, a large proportion of whom are from city homes, the refreshing life of the mountains, woods, and fields. It is an error to suppose that democracy means giving city privileges to people of the country; it means quite as truly giving country privileges to people of the city. Our public school system provides, and at present at least can provide, no such school as this for city boys. To confine schools to those of the public school system would be to deprive all the city children of this free land of the things that only such a private boarding-school in the country can provide. Democracy is not a denial of privileges; it is the extension of privileges. The way to develop democracy in education is to make such a school available for boys from families of limited means. There are boys from families of limited means in this school. Undoubtedly provision for enlarging their number would be welcomed. Meantime, if you can afford to send your boy to such a school, and do not do so, you will be doing no other boy a benefit and may be denying your own boy his right. To send him there is not to shut him out of democratic rights; on the contrary, it is doing your share in making democracy rich. And every one who enables a boy to go to such a school who could not otherwise go there is also doing his share in enriching democracy.

Such an environment as that of this school is, moreover, an influence for the simplicity of democracy. It is a place where old clothes at times are needed and are the only fitting garb. It is a place where the smaller boys build huts in the woods and can spend afternoons like explorers. And with the taste of the primitive life the boys have, besides the benefit of organized athletics and swimming, a modern, filtered indoor swimming pool. Democracy, as interpreted and applied in a school like this, enables boys to appreciate and use powers developed through the wide range of men's experiences from those supplied by modern skill to those evoked by a wholesome response to the primal instincts. In this respect, as in others, democracy in a school of this sort is not restrictive but expanding, not impoverishing but enriching.

What the spirit of this school is may be discerned in the honors which the boys most highly prize. Besides the usual athletic and scholastic prizes awarded at the close of the school year there are, standing above them all in distinction, three cups. One of these is awarded by vote of the older boys and the masters to that boy who has represented best high ideals, manly sport, tenacity of purpose, earnest endeavor, clean living, fair play, and true chivalry." Another cup is awarded to the boy who, without reference to any special performance," makes the best response to his environment." The third of these cups is given to the boy "who has been most helpful to his fellowschoolmates in the solution of their own personal problems." These three cups, natural products of the spirit of the school, are not unworthy symbols of that democratic spirit that judges men not by the external power or authority or possessions that they acquire, but by their character, their development, and their service. And it was characteristic of this spirit that one

year the school letter that is awarded to the athletes who upheld the honor of the school in its contests on the pl field was awarded to a boy whose physical limitations kep off the teams, but failed to prevent him from going regula the practice, getting into the game whenever he could imbuing the school team with his own dauntless spirit.

It is inevitable that when a time of testing comes to d racy, as it has come in this war, such a school as this s reveal its character in its record at the front. Its Service of course blazoned with stars, and was among the firstas we know, was the first-to signify those who had pai last full measure of devotion by stars of gold. The school tinction in service may best be indicated by specific cases. former head master of the school, whose name the school on his recent retirement after many years of service, o himself as a volunteer for the Belgian Relief Commissio served in Belgium until the war came to America, and then stayed in Belgium and was in the last group of Ame serving the cause of Belgian relief to leave. Thereup offered himself as a volunteer in the service of the Y. M. and now is serving the Y in France. His three sons, grac of the school, volunteered, were accepted, and have been service of their country. One enlisted as a private in the lar Army, one in the National Guard, and one first i Ambulance Corps and later in the artillery. The present master's son, who graduated from the school, though too for the draft, enlisted while a freshman in college, and i a non-commissioned officer of Pershing's army in F These four young men are typical of the graduates of the s Enlistment in the ranks has been the method by which young men have displayed the democratic spirit of service acteristic of this private boarding-school.

And this spirit is the spirit of its religion. Not every school, unfortunately, is free to be religious; not every p school expresses its religious spirit in the form of servic this school, however, the religious spirit has been the sp service; and has flowered in the service that its graduate other former students are rendering in the defense of the of people to be democratic and free.

Are you thinking of sending your boy to school? If so, the school, not because of the system it belongs to, but be of its spirit and its record. Democracy is not a matter of but of substance.

A LEGACY OF THE WAR TO O COLLEGES

Our higher education has looked too much toward y day and too little toward to-morrow. Facing backward an aid to progress, even though one walks in the right dire

The commonest charge against our colleges before thi was that American students had no acquaintance wit important events of the world of to-day in which they College young men and young women did not read the papers. They did not know whether or not Portugal republic or whether Venizelos was a Mexican revolution a frontier post in Rumania. They did not know what que were agitating the minds of their own National statesmen what history was being made on their own soil.

The warmest friends of our colleges will hardly den justice of this common criticism, which was just about e true of undergraduate young women and undergraduate men. But if the studies in our classrooms were traditio unrelated both in subject and in method of treatment life our students must live when they graduate, and if studies exacted practically all of the students' time, is evident that student attention would be withheld from cu affairs?

Until a recent rejuvenation the liberal college had act been getting further and further away from real life. W institutions for the higher education of young men first into existence, in the Middle Ages, they had a most pra purpose to perform. They had to fit men for the professio life that in those days called for any learning. Their cur were as thoroughly vocational in character as is the curric