he would probably have en led his davs on the Episcopal bench.

No better description of him can be found than the following from the pen of his friend the late Dr. Thomas Hodgkin :—

a

last three paragraphs, as given in the copy, are not taken from Lindsey's narrative, and the last paragraph is certainly Echard's own writing. Evidently the "clergyman of the good old school" had taken his copy, not quite exactly, from Echard. In the copy of the MS. there is a curious mistake or misthe treasure-print: p. 283, col. 1, below the middle, other person plorily declared" should be "the other peremptorily declar'd." Again, a sort of amaze should be 1. 8 from foot,

"An Evangelical and a mystic; a theologian who was turned to Quakerism by the study of Hooker's Ecclesiastical Polity'; house of Patristic lore reared outside the limits of that which is called the Catholic Church; an eloquent preacher with halting tongue; a learned and ingenious lawyer with the heart of a little child; I believe one might add, a Jacobite Tory, all whose sympathies for many years were given to the Liberal Party in politics: these are some of the paradoxes in his mental history which made him so intensely interesting a study in character to all of his slightly younger contemporaries."

AMICORUM QUIDAM.

66

66

a sort of a Maze." Again in col. 2, 1. 10, I am sure should be "I am assured.' This last error is rather important: Echard does not say that he is sure, but that he has been assured.

I suppose that very few persons refer to Laurence Echard's History of England now, yet there is much in it which cannot easily be found elsewhere.

I remember that I asked the late Mr.

William E. H. Lecky what he thought of
Echard's History. From his reply I
gathered that he knew nothing about it.
According to Allibone's Dictionary of
English Literature :-

of England'] than Echard's recital of Lindsey's
Nothing did more to injure the work [' History
story of the conference and contract between
Oliver Cromwell and the Devil on the morning
of the battle of Worcester.
endorses the truth of the narration, but he dis-
misses the subject with a sly innuendo-or perhaps
intended pleasantry: How far Lindsey is to be
believed,' &c."

Echard by no means

May I remark that in MR. WARD's reply at the last reference the meaning of "I think it must have been in Walker's book that I came upon the story " is not clear? What book of which Walker ?

ROBERT PIERPOINT.

BAKER'S CHOP-HOUSE (11 S. xii. 500).— Referring to the notes on the above, it may be of interest to state that the first circular letter addressed to Evangelical ministers of the Gospel in and about London was issued from Baker's Chop-House, Nov. 4, 1794 or 1795. It was signed by seven or eight ministers representing two or three different denominations having a common object, viz., to send the Gospel to foreign parts. The circular bore fruit, and meetings were subsequently held at the Castle and Falcon in Aldersgate Street, at one of which it is understood the society now known as the London Missionary Society had its origin. At that date the street was known as "Exchange Alley."

I have before me a letter, written some thirty years ago, from the gentleman who

at that time was the freeholder. In it he states :

"FAT, FAIR, AND FORTY" (12 S. i. 10).— I am afraid I cannot quite see what bearing the stanza of Don Juan' cited by SIR HARRY POLAND has on the alliteration of

"I am to settle the sale of some property I disposed of some time in the spring. A curious tale for me to be the principal actor, and an" Fat, fair, and forty." illustration of what we sometimes see in the papers-Value of City Property.' The house is situated up a close leading from the main street, and used as, and known as, Baker's Coffee-House,' an occupation which did not suit any of my boys, so I tried to sell (about ten years ago), but the highest offer I got was 11,000l., my reserve being 16,000l. I continued the tenant at 5001.pinched" by some shrimping urchins while

a year. My health now induced me to try again, and the first offer I got was 24,0007., and the same party who offered me the 11,0007. bid me 26,000l. I closed, and I think foolishly, as 30,000l. might have been got, but I ought to have been satisfied. "It is a small dark hole, the greater part being always lighted with gas, and the frontage is only 27 ft. The house is very old, and I observe by the former conveyance cost 1.0107. What a change in the value of property!"

J. L. H.

An interesting article on Baker's ChopHouse, initialed G. A. H., appeared in The Christian World of Dec. 9, from which I venture to extract the following paragraph: "No tablet marks the walls of Baker's to show that within its walls was born the London Missionary Society. But on November 4, 1794, as recorded in the pages of the late Mr. Silvester Horne's history, eight men met in the little room on the second floor to found the great society which has done and dared so much. The little room is still there, though few of the hurried diners have seen it. On the walls hang portraits of Spurgeon and Parker, mighty men of a later century than Haweis and Bogue."

JOHN T. PAGE.

In the early sixties Sam Cowell used to sing a song entitled The One-Hoss Shay,' which described the vicissitudes of an elderly couple who "took a trip to Brighton" in that conveyance, and had their garments

bathing in an adjacent bay. It commenced : Mistress Bubb was gay and free,

Fair and fat and forty-three,

And as blooming as a peony in buxom May.
The toast she long had been
Of the Farringdon within,

And she filled the better half of a one-hoss shay.
WILLOUGHBY MAYCOCK.

H. T. WAKE (11 S. xi. 397, 501; xii. 72, 511). Mr. Wake must have moved to Fritchley, Derby, as early as Dec. 25, 1885, for I have his Monthly Catalogue 110 with that address and date. It is printed on one side of a double folio sheet, and not an 8vo catalogue as are No. 1, New Series, April, 1887, 1888, 1889, 1890, &c., all printed by Bemrose & Sons, Derby. I shall be glad to send it for inspection. THOMAS JESSON. Cambridge.

THE LADIES OF CASTELLMARCH (11 S. xii. 260, 407, 487).—While thanking your two correspondents for correcting my topography, I must still keep to it, as I lived twenty-two This is on years quite near Castellmarch. Hell's Mouth, Porth Neigwl, or Port Nigel, which are all one and the same, as a glance at any good map, e.g., Stieler's (Gotha, Perthes, 1911), will at once convince the most sceptical.

H. H. JOHNSON.

103 Abbey Road, Torquay.

Long Itchington, Warwickshire. RATS ET CRAPAUDS (11 S. xii. 482).-It is not unlikely that rats do detest toads. These amphibians, like newts-and, if I remember rightly, salamanders-secrete a poisonous fluid in certain glands on their upper surface, which fluid they eject when molested. A little animal like a rat might "POPINJAY," "PAPAGEI" (11 S. xii. 440, find it deadly. English country people 509). Further consideration had led me to sometimes complain of being "venomed "the same conclusion as D. O. even before his by toads and newts-we have no salamanders letter appeared. It seems probable from a -but probably the fluid does not cause MS. of Schlenker's that apal and apampakai trouble unless it penetrates a slight wound. are not the same species; it was on the It might, however, affect the mucous supposition of the duplication of name membrane, and the eyes, if it came in for a single species that I suggested the contact with them. The head of a dog will derivation of apal from English. Parrots sometimes swell when it has been foolish generally seem to be rare, and I have seen enough to take a toad into its mouth. I only one species. have been told, also, of a flock of turkeys which were blinded for a time by the swelling of the delicate skin on their heads, because they had pecked a toad. Consult Hans F. Gadow's, Amphibia and Reptiles.'

T. O. A. D.

It is, of course, improbable, prima facie, that an animal or bird would get a European name. But Timne, and probably adjacent languages, have shown extraordinary powers, compared with other negro languages, of incorporating foreign

words. Some, like amesa, table, go back to the Portuguese era; but the majority are English, often quite unrecognizable, like yentas, faskera, and kamter. That the importation was not limited to words for imported articles is shown by the fact that Timne has taken over verbs also; trai, to try, is a conspicuous example, as the combination tr is not known in Timne.

DANDO, THE OYSTER-EATER (11 S. xii. 400, 444, 483).—I have before me a little book published by Longmans, 13th ed., 1837, Hints on Etiquette,' &c., by Aywyos. Also, uniform with this, 'More Hints on Etiquette,' &c., by Παιδ'αγωγος, with cuts by George Cruikshank, published by Charles Tilt, in 1838. The latter is a sort of burlesque on the former; the N. W. THOMAS.

Egwoba, Manorgate Road, Norbiton.

i. 11). — In Mr. F. G. H. Price's little ROBERT CHILD, M.P., THE BANKER (12 S. book, Temple Bar; or, Some Account of "Ye Marygold (1875), it is stated (p. 48) that this gentleman married Sarah, daughter of Paul Jodrell, Esq., but no date is given. He succeeded to the estates of his elder

brother Francis on the death of the latter

in 1763. He had also a sister, and there is still at Osterley Park an excellent group of these three when children, painted by Dandridge in 1741. He died June 28, 1782, and a monument to his memory is on the south wall of the chancel in Heston Church.

His father, Samuel Child, was the ninth son of Sir Francis Child, Knight, Lord Mayor of London 1698, and brother of Sir Francis Child, Knight and Lord Mayor in 1731, and he married circa 1730, or possibly a little earlier, a Miss Agatha Edgar, whose portrait is also to be seen at Osterley Park, and who died in 1763, her husband having predeceased her on Oct. 15, 1752.

ALAN STEWART.

66

66

cuts are admirable. Under the head of " Dinner," pp. 40-51, are instructions first how to get dinner," we are told, "but it is no such easy your dinner and then how to eat it. It is a very easy thing to direct people to eat a matter to instruct them how to get one. The great Dando, to be sure, set a bad and daring example in this matter. Dando was a hero in his way." Then follow a couple of pages in support of this statement, and

then,

the sponging system-sponging for a dinner "We would, however, recommend is much practised in genteel society," &c.

Winterton, Doncaster.

J. T. F.

THE MORAY MINSTRELS (12 S. i. 10).— This famous club of amateur glee singers used originally to meet at Moray Lodge, Regent's Park, the residence of Mr. Arthur Robert Child of Osterley married Sarah, Lewis. They afterwards gave their delightdaughter of Paul Jodrell, Esq.; she re-ful smoking concerts in the picture galleries married 1791 Lord Ducie.

For some particulars of the banking firm of Child & Co. see Price's Handbook of London Bankers,' 1890-91. At p. 36 it gives the death of Mrs. Agatha Child in 1763, probably widow of Samuel who died 1752. Mr. Price also compiled The Marygold by Temple Bar,' giving a history of the firm, published by Quaritch.

R. J. FYNMORE.

He married Oct. 6, 1763, Sarah, daughter of Gilbert Jodrell, Esq., by whom he had a daughter, Sarah Anne, born 1764, who married, May 18, 1782, John, 10th Earl of Westmoreland; vide The Marygold by Temple Bar,' by F. G. Hilton Price, 1902, p. 92. Robert Child's mother was Miss Agatha Edgar; he died at Kingsgate, near Margate. ALECK ABRAHAMS.

in Suffolk Street and elsewhere. Little

Johnnie Foster, the well-known Lay Vicar of Westminster Abbey, used to conduct, and, if I remember rightly, clay pipes, tobacco, and drinks were provided for the visitors.

G. F. R. B.

J. G. LE MAISTRE (11 S. xii. 480; 12 S. i. 14).—I find that I can now answer my own query contained in my reply. J. G. Le Maistre died at Cheltenham, aged 71, Nov. 4, 1840. See Gent. Mag., 1840, pt. ii., p. 672. G. F. R. B.

FRANCIS MERES AND JOHN FLORIO (11 S. xii. 359, 458).-I regret that MR. G. G. GREENwood should have published in your columns private information given by me in a letter, without further explanation. He had sent a query to this paper, which I did not notice, and he wrote me asking me to let him know

what was my authority for saying that
Meres was brother-in-law to Florio. I told
him that I was ill, forbidden to use my eyes
at work, yet nevertheless was cruelly over-
worked in bringing out a book in a hurry,
my 'Shakespeare's Industry,' a Commemora-
tion volume. Therefore I could not spare
time and eyesight to go through my old
notes at present. I had always thought
that Florio was the brother-in-law of Daniell,
until I was told otherwise. The reference
has slipped out of my memory through the
years, but I remember that I thought the
authority sufficient at the time I wrote it.
C. C. STOPES.

66

Margaret of Austria, who was Regent of the
Netherlands from 1507 to 1530:
66 Deux
jeunes enfans ont jouhés sur une éspinette,'
and un instrument dit l'éspinette," which
facts go far to prove that the instrument in
question was quite a novelty at that parti-
cular date.
N. W. HILL.

WALKER FAMILY, STRATFORD-LE-BOW (11 S. xii. 481).-James Walker, Mrs. Walker, three boys, two girls, and 39 slaves were entered in the census of the island of Nevis in 1677. He became a wealthy sugarplanter, and no doubt retired in his old age to England.

Dorothy, his wife, made her will Aug. 7, "SPINET" (11 S. viii. 428).-Though the 1704, but it was never proved. She had N.E.D.' does not positively discard the three sons and two daus., viz. :-I. Thomas hitherto accepted derivation of this word Walker, eldest s. and h. of Stratford-by-Bow as given by various authorities from Scaliger in 1725, and of Hatton Garden in 1739, when to Skeat, viz. from Ital. spinetta, diminutive he sold his plantations; m. Mary, dau. of of spina, a thorn or spine (pointed crow-Nicholas and Anne Crisp of Chiswick. quills being sometimes used in the con- II. Anthony Walker, made his will Nov. 30, struction of the keyboard of the instrument), 1713, and devised his estate to his brother this theory can now, I think, be dismissed Pecock. III. Pecock Walker of Nevis, as conjectural and obsolete. That is the Esq., made his will March 19, 1724, and left idea one gets, at any rate, from a perusal of his estate to his two sisters. IV. Mary the article on the spinet in Grove's Dic-Walker, m. Richard Lytcott of Springfield, tionary of Music and Musicians.' It is there co. Essex, and was of Ormond Street, widow, pointed out that in 1876 a musical work in 1734. V. Rechord Walker, m. Henry was discovered in Italy called Conclusioni Hatsell of Stratford-by-Bow, gent. nel suono dell' Organo,' by D. Adriano Banchieri, published at Bologna in 1608, in which the following statement occurs:

66

Spinetto riceve tal nome dall' inventore di tal forma longa quadrata, il quale fù un maestro Giovanni Spinetti, Venetiano, ed uno di tali stromenti hò veduto io alle mani di Francesco Stivori, organista della magnifica communità di Montagnana dentrovi questa inscrizione: Joannes Spinetus venetus fecit A.D. 1503."

In 1727 Thomas Walker, the eldest son, accepted 1,7007., and released all claims against the plantations of his brothers and sisters.

Richard Lytcott, by Mary Walker, left an only s. and h. Richard Lytcott the younger, who made his will June 19, 1754, and d. in Nevis Dec. 5, 1755, leaving his sister Sarah his h. at law. She m. Thompson Hicks who was of Epsom in 1750, later of Nevis, then of London in 1760, when he joined his wife in the sale of her moiety of the plantations.

Richard Lytcott Hicks of Nevis who d. April, 1786, was no doubt their son.

Another Richard Lytcott Hicks d. in Nevis Jan. 10, 1836, aged 26, and his wife Georgiana Eliza on Aug. 5, 1835, aged 21, M.I. in St. George's.

From this it has been concluded that the clavichord, which had been invented about the end of the fourteenth century, was improved upon by Spinetti's addition to it of an oblong case, an addition which ultimately led to the instrument developing into the square piano. As the oblong instead of the earlier trapeze form of the case, and the crow-quill plectra, are known to have been in use in Italy about 1500, and soon afterwards made their appearance in Germany and Flanders, it is assumed that Spinetti's period of activity would fall within the second half of the fifteenth century, though until the discovery of Banchieri's work no of his existence was known. Two early record references to the spinet are mentioned line. in Van der Straeten's Musique aux Pays Bas,' from the years 1522 and 1526, as occurring in the household accounts of p. 52.

indentures in Nevis and the Close Rolls, The above notes are proved by various also by a lengthy deed in my own possession. It does not appear whether Thomas not, then the family is extinct in the male Walker by Mary Crisp left issue; if he did A pedigree of Pecock may be seen in Middlesex Pedigrees,' Harl. Soc. Pub., Sunninghill.

V. L. OLIVER.