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LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 25, 1863.

CONTENTS.-No. 81.

NOTES:- Hudibrastic Couplet, 61- Archbishop Leighton's Library at Dunblane, 63-The "Faerie Queene" Unveiled, 65-Traitor's Gate, Tower of London, 66. MINOR NOTES:- Curious Anachronism by an Old Dramatist-Errata in King's "Life of Locke"-Rolling the R's -Letters of Marque-A Niece of Oliver Goldsmith, 67. QUERIES:-Apparitions, 68-"Boadicea"- Robert Burns and George the Fourth -Catherine de Medicis - Cowthorpe Oak, near Wetherby, Yorkshire-German Drama -Heraldic Queries - Cardinal Howard-Johnstone the Freemason Longevity of Incumbents-"Macbeth"Morrison's Crystal-Thomas, Duke of Norfolk - Elijah Ridings- St. Germain-Sugar-tongs like a Stork, 69. QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:- Radnorshire Rhyme-Jacob's Staff Agricola's Victory. - Sandtoft Register - Cockpit, 70.

REPLIES:- Wonderful Animal, 71 - Miss Vane: "Disappointed Love," 72-Guérin de Montaigu, Ib. - Exchequer: or Exchecquer- Cheque, 73- Horse Police- Theodolite Yealand and Ashton- Mayors' Robes Monumental Brass — “ Virgini Parituræ Bridport, &c. "Old Dominion"- -Law of Lauriston - Queen Isabella, "the Catholic Rev. John Sampson - Death of the Czar Nicholas Daffy's Elixir- Ralegh Arms St. YusteWalsall-legged-Earldom of Errol-"Miller of the Dee" -Richard Westbrook Baker, 74. Notes on Books, &c.

Notes.

HUDIBRASTIC COUPLET.

It was in the autumnal month of August, 1784, as the story goes, that some wits over their wine at Brooks's Club House in St. James's Street, were found wrangling among themselves respecting the authorship of the famed couplet:

"For he who fights and runs away
May live to fight another day."

A wager of twenty to one was offered that the lines would be found in that inimitable production, Butler's Hudibras. Pendente lite, they agreed that James Dodsley, the bookseller, should be the arbiter. The worthy bibliopole, on being summoned, felt somewhat ruffled in temper on leaving his business to decide a point which, to his own satisfaction at least, did not admit of any question." Every fool," said he, "knows that they are in Hudibras ;" so true is it that men are too apt to be mistaken in the exact proportion as they are positive. George Selwyn, who happened to be one of the dissentients, coolly replied, "Will you be good enough then to inform an old fool, who is at the same time your wise worship's most humble servant, in what canto they are to be found?" Dodsley, feeling confident that he was right, immediately opened the volume, but unluckily for himself could not discover the required passage in it. After passing a tedious night in the pursuit of the pugnacious fugitive, he was at last compelled to confess, "that a man might be

ignorant of the author without being absolutely a fool."

Nevertheless, as we shall find, Dodsley was more to be excused than censured for his authoritative averment. He never dreamt for a moment, good soul, that any one would have the presumption to interpolate the text of Butler with the lines in dispute, as unquestionably had been the case. A literary fraud had however been played off upon him, and the public generally, and that too by one of his own former associates

"Who wrote like an angel, but talk'd like poor Poll."

It was in the year 1762 that John Newbery first published a valuable collection, entitled

"THE ART OF POETRY ON A NEW PLAN: illustrated with a great Variety of Examples from the best English Poets; and of Translations from the Ancients: together with such Reflections and Critical Remarks as may tend to form in our Youth an elegant Taste, and render the Study of this part of the Belles Lettres more rational and pleasing." London, 2 vols. 12mo. 1762.

This work is admirably calculated to lead the youthful mind to an acquaintance with the writings of the best English poets, and appears to have been well received by the public; for at least four editions, with different title-pages, were published between the years 1762 and 1776.* In its comselection of the choicest passages from each author; pilation a sound judgment was displayed in the whilst in the rules and observations which accom

pany

them, the pen of a poetical genius of no ordinary ability is clearly to be traced.

The selection of the metrical specimens has always been attributed to John Newbery; but for their revision and alterations we are indebted to the critical taste of Oliver Goldsmith, as he himself acknowledged to Dr. Percy. In the perusal of the examples from the works of our that the extracts had been made in good faith, poets, the reader, naturally enough, would infer

* The Second Edition I have not been able to trace. The Third and Fourth are clearly abridgments, with considerable variations, but both contain the passage from Hudibras. These are entitled:

"Poetry made Familiar and Easy to Young Gentlemen and Ladies, and embellished with a great variety of the most shining Epigrams, Epitaphs, Songs, Odes, Pastorals, &c. from the best Authors. Being the Fourth Volume of The Circle of the Seasons. Published by the King's Authority. Third Edition, London: Printed for Newbery and Carnan, No. 65, the north side of St. Paul's Churchyard. 1769." 32mo, pp. 224.

"Logic, Ontology, and the Art of Poetry; being the Fourth and Fifth Volumes of The Circle of the Sciences, Printed for T. Carnan and F. Newbery, jun. at No. 65 in considerably enlarged, and greatly improved. London, St. Paul's Churchyard, 1776, 12mo." Prior's Life of Goldsmith, i. 389; Forster's Life of Goldsmith, i. 298, edit. 1854.

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"To make an honourable retreat,
And wave a total sure defeat;
For those who fly may fight again,
Which he can never do that's slain.
Hence timely running's no mean part
Of conduct in the martial art."

The same reading will be found in the editions of 1684, 1689, 1693, and 1700. Goldsmith, however, in the Art of Poetry on a New Plan, ii. 147, has not faithfully copied the original text; and forgetting, for once, what Shakspeare has taught us, that "Brevity is the soul of wit," has paraphrased a couplet into four lines. The variations in the following passage, as cited by him, I have distinguished by small capital letters:

"Who can forbear (says he) smiling at that sound and salutary reasoning, whereby Squire Ralpho demonstrates the prudence and advantage of a timely flight, rather than staying to be slain in battle? It is generally allowed, that a well conducted retreat is almost as honourable as a victory; but perhaps the wisdom of running away from an enemy was never proved by such arguments as are contained in the following lines:

I, with reason, chose

This stratagem, t'amuse our foes,
To make an hon'rable retreat,

And wave a total sure defeat:

FOR HE WHO FIGHTS AND RUNS AWAY
MAY LIVE TO FIGHT ANOTHER DAY;
BUT HE WHO IS IN BATTLE SLAIN
CAN NEVER RISE AND FIGHT AGAIN.
Hence timely running's no mean part
Of conduct in the martial art;
By which some glorious feats atchieve,
As citizens, by breaking, thrive;
And cannons conquer armies, while
They seem to draw off and recoil.
'Tis held the gallant'st course and bravest,
To great exploits, as well as safest,

That spares th' expence of time and pains,
And dang'rous beating out of brains;
And in the end prevails as certain
As those that never trust to fortune,
To make their fear do execution
Beyond the stoutest resolution;
As earthquakes kill without a blow,
And, only trembling, overthrow.

If th' ancients crown'd their bravest men
That only sav'd a citizen,

What victory could e'er be won,
If ev'ry one would save but one?
Or fight endanger'd to be lost,
Where all resolve to save the most?
By this means, when a battle's won,
The war's as far from being done;
For those that save themselves, and fly,
Go halves, at least, i' th' victory;
And sometimes, when the loss is small,
And danger great, they challenge all;
Print new additions to their feats,
And emendations in gazettes;
And when, for furious haste to run,
They durst not stay to fire a gun,
Have don't with bonfires, and at home
Made squibs and crackers overcome;
To set the rabble on a flame,
And keep their governors from blame,
Disperse the news the pulpit tells,
Confirm'd with fire-works and with bells:
And tho' reduc'd to that extreme
They have been forc'd to sing Te Deum,
Yet with religious blasphemy,

By flatt'ring heaven with a lie,

And, for their beating, giving thanks,
They've rais'd recruits, and fill'd their banks:
For those who run from th' enemy
Engage them equally to fly;
And when the fight becomes a chace,

Those win the day that win the race.

But it is time to have done; for to select all the beautiful passages of this inimitable poem, we should be obliged to transcribe almost the whole."

To most readers it is well known that the sentiment conveyed in the above memorable lines may be found in the verse made either by or for Demosthenes, as his best apology for running away at the battle of Chæronea, and leaving his shield behind him; and which sentiment subsequently was adopted by Aulus Gellius, Erasmus, Jeremy Taylor, and by the author of the Satyre Menippée, 1594.

Since the publication of Lowndes's Bibliographer's Manual in 1834, where it is stated that these lines occur in the Musarum Deliciæ, p. 101, ed. 1656, our literary antiquaries have comfortably consoled themselves with the idea that Sir John Mennis was the author of them; but although most of our public and private libraries have been carefully searched with the lantern of Diogenes, no copy as yet has been discovered containing them. To get over the difficulty, the editor of the new edition of Lowndes tells us (p. 1535) that "in some copies a cancelled leaf (reprinted in the new edition) is found, in which are the lines; but he has not informed us that, during his long experience in literature, the original leaf had either been seen by himself or by any one else.

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Goldsmith died in 1774, just ten years before

the inquiry was started respecting the origin of this familiar couplet. Great, indeed, would have been the saving of ink and paper, not only in the European and Gentleman's Magazines, but in the Two Series of Notes and Queries, had poor Goldy been permitted, in the visible order of things, to have made one of the literary gathering at Brooks's Club, when doubtless he would have humbly confessed, that during a convenient temporary seclusion with his friend Newbery in Canonbury Tower he had unwittingly penned these celebrated lines, the authorship of which, for eighty long years, has baffled the researches, and puzzled the ingenuity of the whole literary brotherhood.

4, Minerva Terrace, Barnsbury.

J. YEOWELI..

4. The Puritan turned Jesuit. 5. Zeal Examined.

6. Persuasive to Moderation to Church Dissenters. 7. Account of the Bloodshed occasioned by the Jesuits. 8. Sufferings of the Protestant Ministers in Hungary. 9. Lex Talionis.

10. Five Pence.

11. Marionis Enchiridion Loc. Com. Theol.
12. Mayerus de Vulneribus Ecclesiæ Romanæ.
13. Apuleius Castigated.

14. La Sylvie Tragicum Pastorale [by Jean Mairet, 1621?]

15. Les Bergeries de Maistre.

16. Thorndike's Way of Composing Differences.

With regard to the first, all I know is, that Leo, or Leone, was an Italian Jew, a physician by profession, who became a Christian, and published some mystical Dialogi di Amore at Rome in 1535, frequently reprinted and translated. His Life must be a book of extreme rarity. Some writers

ARCHBISHOP LEIGHTON'S LIBRARY AT DUN- say that his real, or original, name was Rabbi Judah

BLANE.

On the 17th of last September I paid another visit to Dunblane, and spent three weeks there, during which time I made a catalogue of Arch. bishop Leighton's books, and took copious extracts from his fly-leaf memoranda. The catalogue is ready for the press, but I have given up the intention intimated in a former paper ("N. & Q." 3rd S. i. 6) of publishing it in a separate volume, as it seems more desirable to include it in my forthcoming edition of the works. In the catalogue the lost books are denoted by italics, and every book containing any of Leighton's writing is marked by an obelisk (†) prefixed, or by two when there is much writing. A few illustrative notes are appended to the rarer and more remarkable books.

I am happy to say that but one hundred of the archbishop's books have been lost, and these include pamphlets and small works; besides, there are some twenty-four odd volumes missing. Of these hundred works, but sixteen were lost during the fifty years that elapsed between 1793 and 1843, when the two catalogues were respectively printed; and of the odd volumes but two, viz. vols. iii. and vi. of S. Austin's Works. The books of Leighton's library now extant number about 1230; of these, 206 contain his MS. notes and memorabilia.

The following are some of the lost works, chiefly pamphlets, which as yet I have not been able to identify in any bibliographical works within reach,

g [sic. Re-establishing?]

and therefore should be thankful for assistance:1. La Vita di Leo Hebr. 2. Warning anent the ReScottish Discipline. 3. Confessions of the Protestant Divines concerning Episcopacy.

* I am indebted to the kindness of Sir James Camp

Abarbanel; if so, probably a relative of the celebrated R. Isaac Abarbanel, who died at Venice in banel. 1508. Brunet, amongst others, calls him Abar

No. 2 seems connected with the following pamphlet:

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"Letters from Several Ministers in and about Edinburgh to the Ministers of London, concerning the Reestablishing of the Covenant. Edinb. 1659," 4to.

No. 4 is, no doubt, Dr. John Owen's treatise, The Puritan turned Jesuit, Lond. 1643, 4to. I the scope of this attack on his "Puritan" brethren should be glad, however, to get some notion of by the great Independent divine?

Senensis de Hereticis Capitali Supplicio non AffiOne of Leighton's books is entitled Minus Celsus ciendis, s. l. 1584, 12mo. Is not the name fictitious, brated Hungarian Bishop, Andrew Dudith? and was not this book really written by the cele

Did the great Port-Royalist, Antoine Arnauld, write La Tradition de l'Eglise touchant l'EuchaHe did write ristie, 2 vols. 8vo, Paris, 1659? a supplement to it, entitled Table Historique des l'ouvrage intitulé, Tradition de l'Eglise sur l'EuSS. Pères, &c., dont les passages sont compris dans

charistie.

Leighton had a great reverence for one whose character and career in many respects strikingly resembled his own, the pious Dom Barthelemy des mended the Stimulus Pastorum of the Portuguese Martyrs, Archbishop of Braga. He often recomprelate, and used to lament that he never could get a copy of the original Latin, but was obliged

to be content with the French version, now in the library. Will some one kindly inform me respecting the first and chief subsequent editions of this book so much prized by Leighton? The Vie de D. Barthelemy has been attributed to each of the celebrated brothers, Antoine and Louis Isaac Le

bell, Bart., one of the Trustees, for a loan of the catalogue Maistre, but is said to have been really written by

of 1793, perhaps the only existing copy.

Thomas Du Fossé. What is known of Du Fossé?

ipsissima verba, especially as not the least intimation is given, either in Newberry's Dedication to the Earl of Holderness or in his Advertisement to the Reader, of any variorum readings.

· Part III. of Butler's Hudibras was first printed in 1678. In canto iii. lines 241-246 of that edition, Ralph and his Quixotic superior, having been unhorsed and beaten, very prudently refrain from another encounter, but resolve

"To make an honourable retreat,
And wave a total sure defeat;
For those who fly may fight again,
Which he can never do that's slain.
Hence timely running's no mean part
Of conduct in the martial art."

The same reading will be found in the editions of 1684, 1689, 1693, and 1700. Goldsmith, however, in the Art of Poetry on a New Plan, ii. 147, has not faithfully copied the original text; and forgetting, for once, what Shakspeare has taught us, that "Brevity is the soul of wit," has paraphrased a couplet into four lines. The variations in the following passage, as cited by him, I have distinguished by small capital letters:

"Who can forbear (says he) smiling at that sound and salutary reasoning, whereby Squire Ralpho demonstrates the prudence and advantage of a timely flight, rather than staying to be slain in battle? It is generally allowed, that a well conducted retreat is almost as honourable as a victory; but perhaps the wisdom of running away from an enemy was never proved by such arguments as are contained in the following lines:.

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I, with reason, chose

This stratagem, t'amuse our foes,
To make an hon'rable retreat,

And wave a total sure defeat:

FOR HE WHO FIGHTS AND RUNS AWAY
MAY LIVE TO FIGHT ANOTHER DAY;
BUT HE WHO IS IN BATTLE SLAIN
CAN NEVER RISE AND FIGHT AGAIN.
Hence timely running's no mean part
Of conduct in the martial art;

By which some glorious feats atchieve,
As citizens, by breaking, thrive;
And cannons conquer armies, while
They seem to draw off and recoil.
'Tis held the gallant'st course and bravest,
To great exploits, as well as safest,

That spares th' expence of time and pains,
And dang❜rous beating out of brains;
And in the end prevails as certain
As those that never trust to fortune,
To make their fear do execution
Beyond the stoutest resolution;
As earthquakes kill without a blow,
And, only trembling, overthrow.

If th' ancients crown'd their bravest men
That only sav'd a citizen,

What victory could e'er be won,
If ev'ry one would save but one?
Or fight endanger'd to be lost,
Where all resolve to save the most?
By this means, when a battle's won,
The war's as far from being done;
For those that save themselves, and fly,
Go halves, at least, i' th' victory;
And sometimes, when the loss is small,
And danger great, they challenge all;
Print new additions to their feats,
And emendations in gazettes;
And when, for furious haste to run,
They durst not stay to fire a gun,
Have don't with bonfires, and at home
Made squibs and crackers overcome;
To set the rabble on a flame,

And keep their governors from blame,
Disperse the news the pulpit tells,
Confirm'd with fire-works and with bells:
And tho' reduc'd to that extreme
They have been forc'd to sing Te Deum,
Yet with religious blasphemy,

By flatt'ring heaven with a lie,
And, for their beating, giving thanks,
They've rais'd recruits, and fill'd their banks:
For those who run from th' enemy
Engage them equally to fly;
And when the fight becomes a chace,

Those win the day that win the race.

But it is time to have done; for to select all the beautiful passages of this inimitable poem, we should be obliged to transcribe almost the whole."

To most readers it is well known that the sentiment conveyed in the above memorable lines may be found in the verse made either by or for Demosthenes, as his best apology for running away at the battle of Chæronea, and leaving his shield behind him; and which sentiment subsequently was adopted by Aulus Gellius, Erasmus, Jeremy Taylor, and by the author of the Satyre Menippée, 1594.

Since the publication of Lowndes's Bibliographer's Manual in 1834, where it is stated that these lines occur in the Musarum Deliciæ, p. 101, ed. 1656, our literary antiquaries have comfortably consoled themselves with the idea that Sir John Mennis was the author of them; but although most of our public and private libraries have been carefully searched with the lantern of Diogenes, no copy as yet has been discovered containing them. To get over the difficulty, the editor of the new edition of Lowndes tells us (p. 1535) that "in some copies a cancelled leaf (reprinted in the new edition) is found, in which are the lines; " but he has not informed us that, during his long experience in literature, the original leaf had either been seen by himself or by any one else.

Goldsmith died in 1774, just ten years before

the inquiry was started respecting the origin of this familiar couplet. Great, indeed, would have been the saving of ink and paper, not only in the European and Gentleman's Magazines, but in the Two Series of Notes and Queries, had poor Goldy been permitted, in the visible order of things, to have made one of the literary gathering at Brooks's Club, when doubtless he would have humbly confessed, that during a convenient temporary seclusion with his friend Newbery in Canonbury Tower he had unwittingly penned these celebrated lines, the authorship of which, for eighty long years, has baffled the researches, and puzzled the ingenuity of the whole literary brotherhood. J. YEOWELL.

4, Minerva Terrace, Barnsbury.

ARCHBISHOP LEIGHTON'S LIBRARY AT DUNBLANE.

On the 17th of last September I paid another visit to Dunblane, and spent three weeks there, during which time I made a catalogue of Archbishop Leighton's books, and took copious extracts from his fly-leaf memoranda. The catalogue is ready for the press, but I have given up the intention intimated in a former paper (“N. & Q." 3rd S. i. 6) of publishing it in a separate volume, as it seems more desirable to include it in my forthcoming edition of the works. In the catalogue the lost books are denoted by italics, and every book containing any of Leighton's writing is marked by an obelisk (†) prefixed, or by two when there is much writing. A few illustrative notes are appended to the rarer and more remark

able books.

I am happy to say that but one hundred of the archbishop's books have been lost, and these include pamphlets and small works; besides, there are some twenty-four odd volumes missing. Of these hundred works, but sixteen were lost during the fifty years that elapsed between 1793 and 1843, when the two catalogues were respectively printed; and of the odd volumes but two, viz.

vols. iii. and vi. of S. Austin's Works. The books of Leighton's library now extant number about 1230; of these, 206 contain his MS. notes and memorabilia.

The following are some of the lost works, chiefly pamphlets, which as yet I have not been able to identify in any bibliographical works within reach,

and therefore should be thankful for assistance:1. La Vita di Leo Hebr. 2. Warning anent the Re- -g [sic. Re-establishing?] Scottish Discipline. 3. Confessions of the Protestant Divines concerning Episcopacy.

I am indebted to the kindness of Sir James Campbell, Bart., one of the Trustees, for a loan of the catalogue of 1793, perhaps the only existing copy.

4. The Puritan turned Jesuit. 5. Zeal Examined.

6. Persuasive to Moderation to Church Dissenters. 7. Account of the Bloodshed occasioned by the Jesuits. 8. Sufferings of the Protestant Ministers in Hungary. 9. Lex Talionis.

10. Five Pence.

11. Marionis Enchiridion Loc. Com. Theol.
12. Mayerus de Vulneribus Ecclesiæ Romanæ.
13. Apuleius Castigated.

14. La Sylvie Tragicum Pastorale [by Jean Mairet, 1621?]

15. Les Bergeries de Maistre.

16. Thorndike's Way of Composing Differences.

With regard to the first, all I know is, that Leo, or Leone, was an Italian Jew, a physician by profession, who became a Christian, and published some mystical Dialogi di Amore at Rome in 1535, frequently reprinted and translated. His Life must be a book of extreme rarity. Some writers say that his real, or original, name was Rabbi Judah Abarbanel; if so, probably a relative of the celebrated R. Isaac Abarbanel, who died at Venice in banel. 1508. Brunet, amongst others, calls him Abar

No. 2 seems connected with the following pamphlet:

burgh to the Ministers of London, concerning the Reestablishing of the Covenant. Edinb. 1659," 4to.

"Letters from Several Ministers in and about Edin

No. 4 is, no doubt, Dr. John Owen's treatise, The Puritan turned Jesuit, Lond. 1643, 4to. I the scope of this attack on his "Puritan" brethren should be glad, however, to get some notion of by the great Independent divine?

Senensis de Hereticis Capitali Supplicio non AffiOne of Leighton's books is entitled Minus Celsus ciendis, s. l. 1584, 12mo. Is not the name fictitious, and was not this book really written by the celebrated Hungarian Bishop, Andrew Dudith?

Did the great Port-Royalist, Antoine Arnauld, ristie, 2 vols. 8vo, Paris, 1659? write La Tradition de l'Eglise touchant l'EuchaHe did write

a supplement to it, entitled Table Historique des SS. Pères, &c., dont les passages sont compris dans l'ouvrage intitulé, Tradition de l'Eglise sur l'Eu

charistie.

Leighton had a great reverence for one whose character and career in many respects strikingly resembled his own, the pious Dom Barthelemy des mended the Stimulus Pastorum of the Portuguese Martyrs, Archbishop of Braga. He often recomprelate, and used to lament that he never could get a copy of the original Latin, but was obliged to be content with the French version, now in the library. Will some one kindly inform me respecting the first and chief subsequent editions of this book so much prized by Leighton? The Vie de D. Barthelemy has been attributed to each of the celebrated brothers, Antoine and Louis Isaac Le Maistre, but is said to have been really written by Thomas Du Fossé. What is known of Du Fossé?

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