U. S. to have

the right of opening and

using roads, &c. in the Cherokee

nation.

Cherokees to keep up public houses, &c.

Commissioners to run the boundary line.

Commissioners to lay off roads.

ART. 2. It is expressly agreed on the part of the Cherokee nation that the United States shall have the right to lay off, open, and have the free use of, such road or roads, through any part of the Cherokee nation, lying north of the boundary line now established, as may be deemed necessary for the free intercourse between the States of Tennessee and Georgia and the Mississippi Territory. And the citizens of the United States shall freely navigate and use, as a highway, all the rivers and waters within the Cherokee nation. The Cherokee nation further agree to establish and keep up, on the roads to be opened under the sanction of this article, such ferries and public houses as may be necessary for the accommodation of the citizens of the United States.

ART. 3. In order to preclude any dispute hereafter, relative to the boundary line now established, it is hereby agreed that the Cherokee nation shall appoint two commissioners to accompany the commissioners already appointed on the part of the United States, to run the boundary lines of the lands ceded by the Creek nation to the United States, while they are engaged in running that part of the boundary established by the first article of this treaty.

ART. 4. In order to avoid unnecessary expense and delay, it is further agreed that, whenever the President of the United States may deem it expedient to open a road through any part of the Cherokee nation, in pursuance of the stipulations of the second article of this Convention, the principal chief of the Cherokee nation shall appoint one commissioner to accompany the commissioners appointed by the President of To be paid by the United States, to lay off and mark the road; and the said commisthe U. S. sioner shall be paid by the United States.

Indemnity to Cherokees.

ART. 5. The United States agree to indemnify the individuals of the Cherokee nation for losses sustained by them in consequence of the march of the militia and other troops in the service of the United States through that nation; which losses have been ascertained by the agents of the United States to amount to twenty-five thousand five hundred dollars.

In testimony whereof the said Commissioner, and the undersigned Chiefs and Headmen of the Cherokee Nation, have hereunto set their hands and seals. Done at the City of Washington, this twenty-second day of March, one thousand eight hundred and sixteen.

WITNESSES PRESENT AT SIGNING and sealing,-Return J. Meigs, Jacob Laub,

Gid: Davis.

To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal.

A TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said states, of the one part, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors of the Sacs of Rock river and the adjacent country, of the other part.

WHEREAS by the ninth article of the treaty of peace, which was concluded on the twenty-fourth day of December, eighteen hundred and fourteen, between the United States and Great Britain, at Ghent, and which was ratified by the president, with the advice and consent of the senate, on the seventeenth day of February, eighteen hundred and fifteen, it was stipulated that the said parties should severally put an end to all hostilities with the Indian tribes, with whom they might be at war, at the time of the ratification of said treaty; and to place the said tribes inhabiting their respective territories, on the same footing upon which they stood before the war: Provided, they should agree to desist from all hostilities against the said parties, their citizens or subjects respectively, upon the ratification of the said treaty being notified to them, and should so desist accordingly.

And whereas the United States being determined to execute every article of the treaty with perfect good faith, and wishing to be particularly exact in the execution of the article above alluded to, relating to the Indian tribes: The president, in consequence thereof, for that purpose, on the eleventh day of March, eighteen hundred and fifteen, appointed the undersigned William Clark, governor of Missouri territory, Ninian Edwards, governor of Illinois territory, and Auguste Chouteau, esq. of the Missouri territory, commissioners, with full power to conclude a treaty of peace and amity with all those tribes of Indians, conformably to the stipulations contained in the said article, on the part of the United States, in relation to such tribes.

And whereas the commissioners, in conformity with their instructions in the early part of last year, notified the Sacs of Rock river, and the adjacent country, of the time of the ratification of said treaty; of the stipulations it contained in relation to them; of the disposition of the American government to fulfil those stipulations, by entering into a treaty with them, conformably thereto; and invited the said Sacs of Rock river, and the adjacent country, to send forward a deputation of their chiefs to meet the said commissioners at Portage des Sioux, for the purpose of concluding such a treaty as aforesaid, between the United States and the said Indians, and the said Sacs of Rock river, and the adjacent country, having not only declined that friendly overture, but having continued their hostilities, and committed many depredations thereafter, which would have justified the infliction of the severest chastisement upon them; but having earnestly repented of their conduct, now imploring mercy, and being anxious to return to the habits of peace and friendship with the United States; and the latter being always disposed to pursue the most liberal and humane policy towards the Indian tribes within their territory, preferring their reclamation by peaceful measures, to their punishment, by the application of the military force of the nation-Now, therefore,

May 13, 1816.
Proclamation,

Dec. 30, 1816.

Preamble.

The said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Angaste Choctera, complainers as aforesaid, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors, as aforesaid, for the purpose of restoring peace and friendship between the parties, do agree to the following articles:

ART. 1. The Sacs of Rock river, and the adjacent country, do hereby unconditionally assent to recognize, re-establish, and confirm the treaty between the United States of America and the united tribes of Sics and Foxes, which was concluded at St. Louis, on the third day of November, one thousand eight hundred and four; as well as all other contracts and agreements, heretofore made between the Sac tribe or nation, and the United States.

ART. 2. The United States agree to place the aforesaid Sacs of Rock river, on the same footing upon which they stood before the war; provided they shall, on or before the first day of July next, deliver up to the officer commanding at cantonment Davis, on the Mississippi, all the property they, or any part of their tribe, have plundered or stolen from the citizens of the United States, since they were notified, as aforesaid, of the time of the ratification of the late treaty between the United States and Great Britain.

ART. 3. If the said tribe shall fail or neglect to deliver up the property aforesaid, or any part thereof, on or before the first day of July aforesaid, they shall forfeit to the United States all right and title to their proportion of the annuities which, by the treaty of St. Louis, were covenanted to be paid to the Sac tribe; and the United States shall for ever afterwards be exonerated from the payment of so much of said annuities as, upon a fair distribution, would fall to the share of that portion of the Sacs who are represented by the undersigned chiefs and warriors.

ART. 4. This treaty shall take effect and be obligatory on the contracting parties, unless the same shall be disapproved by the president and senate of the United States, or by the president only and in the mean time all hostilities shall cease from this date.

In testimony whereof, the said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners as aforesaid, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors as aforesaid, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals, this thirteenth day of May, one thousand eight hundred and sixteen.

around his neck,

Mashashe, the Fox,

Wapamukqua, the White Bear.

St. Louis, May 13th, 1816. Done in the presence of R. Wash, Secretary to the commission. R. Paul, C. T. of the C. J. Bt. Caron, Samuel Solomon, Interpreters. Joshua Norvell, Judge Adv. M. M. Joseph Perkins. Joseph Charless. B. G. Tavar. Charles Wm. Hunter. Cerré. M. La Croix. Guyol de Guirano. Boon Ingels. Moses Scott. James Sawyer.

To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal.

A TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP

Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said states, of the one part, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors, representing eight bands of the Siouxs, composing the three tribes called the Siouxs of the Leaf, the Siouxs of the Broad Leaf, and the Siouxs who shoot in the Pine Tops, on the part and behalf of their said tribes, of the other part.

THE parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribes, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the late war between the United States and Great Britain, have agreed to the followering articles :

ART. 1. Every injury or act of hostility, committed by one or either of the contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot.

ART. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all the citizens of the United States, and all the individuals composing the aforesaid tribes; and all the friendly relations that existed between them before the war shall be, and the same are hereby, renewed.

June 1, 1816. Proclamation, Dec. 30, 1816.

Injuries, &c. forgiven.

Perpetual peace and friendship, &c.

Former ces

&c. confirmed.

ART. 3. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and their tribes respectively, do, by these presents, confirm to the United sions, treaties, States all and every cession, or cessions, of land heretofore made by their tribes to the British, French, or Spanish government, within the limits of the United States or their territories; and the parties here contracting do, moreover, in the sincerity of mutual friendship, recognise, re-establish, and confirm, all and every treaty, contract, and agreement, heretofore concluded between the United States and the said tribes or nations.

ART. 4. The undersigned chiefs and warriors as aforesaid, for themselves and their said tribes, do hereby acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the United States, and of no other nation, power, or sovereign, whatsoever.

In witness whereof, the commissioners aforesaid, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors as aforesaid, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this first day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth.

WILLIAM CLARK,

NINIAN EDWARDS,
AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU.

Protection of

U. S. acknowledged.

Shongkaska, the Wine Big-eared Dog,

Exobongxo, the Man who marches quick, Hasanee, the Buffalo with one Horn,

Pahataka, the Humming B1,

Medermee, the Maddy Lake,

Tatawaka, the Medicine Wind,

Warstushasta, the Bad Hail,

Esbark, the Beily-Ache,

Narissakata, the Old Man who can hardly

Done at St. Louis, in the presence of R. Wash, secretary to the commission. R. Paul, C. T. of the C. W. O. Allen, captain United States corps Artillery. H.S. Geyer. Joshua Norvell, Judge Advocate, M. M. N. Boivin, agent. Thomas Forsyth, I agent. Maurice Biondeaux, Sau agt. Henry Delorier, interpreter. Pierre Lapointe, interpreter. Samuel Solomon, interpreter. Jacques Mette, interpreter. Cerré. Richard Cave. Willi Cave. Julius Pescay.

To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal.

June 3, 1816. Proclamation, Dec. 30, 1816.

Injuries, &c. forgiven.

Former cessions, treaties,

A TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP

Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said states, of the one part, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors of that portion of the Winnebago tribe or nation residing on the Ouisconsin river, of the other part.

WHEREAS the undersigned chiefs and warriors, as well as that portion of the nation which they represent, have separated themselves from the rest of their nation, and reside in a village on the Ouisconsin river, and are desirous of returning to a state of friendly relations with the United States, the parties hereto have agreed to the following articles:

ART. 1. Every injury or act of hostility, committed by one or either of the contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot; and all the friendly relations that existed between them before the late war, shall be, and the same are hereby, renewed.

ART. 2. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and those they represent, do, by these presents, confirm to the United States &c. confirmed. all and every cession of land heretofore made by their nation to the British, French, or Spanish government, within the limits of the United States, or their territories; and also, all and every treaty, contract, and