Thus, of the $43,291,033 24 duties collected at this port during the last year, $31,939,808 60 were collected in goods by American vessels, and $11,351,224 64 on goods by foreign vessels.

We stated in our annual summary of the commerce of the port of New York that the imports by foreign vessels during the last year had largely increased. We find on compiling the actual total, that the increase is even greater than we had anticipated, and that the exports by foreign vessels have increased in a still greater proportion. The reason of this is to be found in the enormous business of the year, which could not find enough American vessels to meet its demands. The total carriage in American bottoms in the foreign trade of New York is over seven millions larger than ever before, and is twenty-seven millions larger than in 1855. The following is the comparison

RELATIVE TRADE WITH FOREIGN PORTS, IN AMERICAN AND FOREIGN BOTTOMS, At THE PORT OF NEW YORK FOR THE YEAR 1856.

There was a great falling off in both the imports and exports by foreign vessels in 1855, owing to the employment of a large portion of the British marine in another direction; but compared with 1854, it will be seen that the greatest proportion of the increase is in foreign bottoms. Still, the Americans have no reason to be dissatisfied with their share of the carrying, since out of the value of $329,395,753 transported between foreign ports and New York during the last year, $241,460,861 were carried in American vessels, and only $87,934,892 under the flags of all other nations.

NEW YORK COTTON MARKET FOR THE MONTH ENDING FEBRUARY 20. PREPARED FOR THE MERCHANTS' MAGAZINE BY CHARLES W. FREDERICKSON, BROKER, NEW YORK,

Our cotton market since the date of my last review, (January 23,) has been active in all its various branches, particularly that of transitu cottons, and at advancing prices. The total sales for the month are estimated at 65,000 to 70,000 bales; of which, perhaps, 45,000 bales were sold afloat, being invoices from Southern ports to Europe. The disposition on the part of shippers to increase their risk has been strengthened by the continued favorable advices from abroad, and the large transactions with advancing prices at the South. Exporters feel confident of a remunerative return for their investments so long as the great decrease in foreign export continues, and which now amounts to 352,000 bales, of which the decrease to Great Britain, as compared with last year, now amounts to 230,000 bales. Our own spinners have been, in a great measure, bebarred from making their usual purchases, owing to the difficulty in shipping on account of ice, and in consequence, the market has been sustained wholly by the export demand, and closes firmly with an advance of c. per pound on most grades.

For the week ending January 30 the sales reached 15,000 bales. The market opened somewhat irregular in prices, but closed firmly at our quotations, owing to reports of falling off in receipts and advancing prices at the South.

PRICES ADOPTED JANUARY 30TH FOR THE FOLLOWING QUALITIES:

The transactions for the week closing February 6th were 16,000 bales, at jc. to c. per pound advance. The foreign advices and Southern accounts being favorable, holders were not disposed to offer freely even at the above improvement. The market closed firm, with small offerings at the following:

PRICES ADOPTED FEBRUARY 6TH FOR THE FOLLOWING QUALITIES:

For the week ensuing, the sales were estimated at 17,000 bales at a further advance of c. per pound, and for a strict classification the annexed rates were readily obtained :-

PRICES ADOPTED FEBRUARY 13TH FOR THE FOLLOWING QUALITIES:

The sales for the week closing at date were viewed at 18,000 bales, and the market at the close showed a slight improvement for the week, owing to the continued favorable action in all the Southern markets. Our market closed buoyantly at the following:--

PRICES ADOPTED FEBRUARY 20TH FOR THE FOLLOWING QUALITIES:

JOURNAL OF BANKING, CURRENCY, AND FINANCE.

THE PUBLIC DEBT OF THE UNITED STATES.

The public debt of the United States, according to the last Annual Report of Mr. Secretary Guthrie, on the 4th of March, 1853, amounted to the sum of $69,129,937, which was subsequently increased to liquidate the debt of Texas by the sum of $2,750,000, to $71,879,937. It has since been reduced, November 15th, 1856, to the sum of $30,963,909, as will be seen by the statement which we publish below. In making this reduction, the sum of $40,916,027 was paid for the principal thereof, and $4,609,882 for premium by the government for portions, if redeemed before maturity, saving the sum (in interest) of $14,606,441, by paying in advance, and leaving the public debt, as above stated, on the 15th of November, $30,963,909 :-

STATEMENT OF THE PUBLIC DEBT AS FOLLOWS: STOCK ISSUED OF THE LOANS OF

1842, 1843, 1846, 1847, 1848, AND TEXAN INDEMNITY; THE DEBT OF THE CORPORATE CITIES OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA; THE TEXAS DEBT, TREASURY NOTES, AND FUNDED AND UNFUNDED DEBT; THE AMOUNT REDEEMED BEFORE THE 4TH OF MARCH, 1853; REDEEMED SINCE THAT TIME; THE TOTAL AMOUNT REDEEMED AND THE AMOUNT OUTSTANDING THIS DAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1856.

79,032,897 7,142,359 40,918,427 48,060,787 30,963,909

The receipts into the Treasury of the United States, from customs, during the year ending June 30th, 1856, amounted to $64,022,863; from the sale of public lands, $8,917,644; and from incidental sources, $977,633-showing the total income for the year ending as above to be $73,918,141. The total expenditures, including the payment of $12,776,390 on the public debt, amounted to $72,948,792. The balance in the Treasury, July 1, 1855, was $18,931,976, and July 1, 1856, it was $19,901,325.

* Increased by funding treasury notes, $8,200. Stock erroneously redeemed and subsequently reissued, $2,400.

FINANCIAL CONDITION OF MISSOURI.

The message of the governor of Missouri shows the finances of the State near

the close of 1856, as follows:-
:-

The amount of revenue received in 1855 is...

The amount of revenue received in 1856 is

$489,130 19

517,983 34

$1,007,113 53

$393,704 74

478,113 98

Total amount expended for the two years ending 1st Oct., 1856

$871,818 78

Total amount for the two years ending 1st October, 1856...... The amount expended in 1855 is.....

The amount expended in 1856 is..

The balance in treasury on 1st October, 1856.....

$271,899 94

This sum includes, however, $200,000 set apart by the act of December 13th, 1855, for the payment of a like amount of State bonds which became due on the 1st day of July last, and the available balance is, therefore, $71,899 94.

The Auditor's estimate for the revenues to be received from all sources during the fiscal period of two years ending on the 1st of October, 1858, is $1,191,361 67. The ordinary expenses for the same period he estimates at $500,000, and the amount chargeable to revenues, for school purposes, at $297,840 41. If the actual receipts and expenditures correspond to these estimates, there will be a surplus in the treasury on the 1st of October, 1858, of $422,374 29.

By the act of the 7th December, 1855, " to secure the prompt payment of interest on State bonds," the Treasurer of the State and the Auditor of Public Accounts, were made commissioners to carry out the provisions of the act to create a "State Interest Fund," and invest the same. They have, accordingly, invested $58,198 04 in Missouri stocks; having purchased for that sum 58 State bonds, of $1,000 each.

Under the various acts of the General Assembly, loaning the credit of the State to certain railroad companies, State bonds have been issued and delivered to those companies to the amount, on the 1st October, 1856, of $9,633,000.

These amounts to railroads, in all, as above stated, $9,633,000, represent the extent to which, on the 1st October, 1856, the credit of the State had been actually used by those companies. In addition, the State has authorized the issue of the following amounts, on compliance with the conditions imposed in the several acts of the General Assembly relating thereto:

The San Francisco Bulletin publishes a long list of all persons who have applied for the benefit of the Insolvent Laws in the city and county of San Francisco during the year 1856. The amounts of liabilities and assets, and the dates of applications and discharges, are given in the Bulletin's list. It appears by this list that there have been 146 applications in insolvency during the year, of