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The Senate have passed a bill of this House of the following title, viz:

H. R. 328. An act for the relief of Peay & Ayliffe;

with sundry amendments; in which I am directed to ask the concurrence of this House.

On motion of Mr. Sherman, the House resolved itself into the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union; and after some time spent therein, the Speaker resumed the chair, and Mr. Perry reported that the committee having, according to order, had the state of the Union generally under consideration, and particularly the bill of the House (H. R. 339) making appropriations for the legislative, executive and judicial expenses of the government for the year ending June 30, 1861, had come to no resolution thereon.

Mr. Aldrich, by unanimous consent, introduced a bill (H. R. 749) for the relief of Alfred C. Murphy and Hiram Burlingham; which was read a first and second time, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

And then,

On motion of Mr. Cox, at 5 o'clock and 30 minutes p. m., the House adjourned.

MONDAY, MAY 21, 1860.

The following petitions, memorials, and other papers, were laid upon the Clerk's table, under the 24th rule of the House, to wit: By Mr. Martin: The petition of Robert F. Hunter, praying for relief; which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

By Mr. John Cochrane: The petition of Phelps, Dodge & Company, praying that ships and cargoes from Liberia be placed on an equality with those of the most favored nations; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

By Mr. Clopton: The petition of citizens of Autauga county, Alabama, praying that the public lands in said county may be attached to the Montgomery land district; which was referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

By Mr. Hughes: The memorial of Ann Johnston, widow of Captain Zachariah Johnston, praying for a pension; which was referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

By Mr. Parrott: The memorial of the widow of Leonard Arms, praying for a pension; which was referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

By Mr. Vandever: The petition of Alpheus McIntyre-heretofore referred January 12, 1844; which was referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

By Mr. Florence: The memorial and papers of Swan McGoldrich, praying for a pension; which were referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

Also, the petition of Sarah Hildreth, widow of John Hildrethheretofore referred March 3, 1858; which was referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

By Mr. W. N. H. Smith: The memorial of John M. Jones and other citizens of the State of North Carolina, praying an appropriation for the improvement of navigation of Edenton bay, in said State; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce.

The Speaker, by unanimous consent, laid before the House the following message, heretofore received from the President of the United States, viz:

To the Senate and House of Representatives:

On the 26th day of April last, Lieutenant Craven, of the United States steamer Mohawk, captured the slaver Wildfire on the coast of Cuba, with five hundred and seven African negroes on board. The prize was brought into Key West on the 31st April, and the negroes were delivered into the custody of Fernando J. Moreno, marshal of the southern district of Florida.

The question which now demands immediate decision is, what disposition shall be made of these Africans? In the annual message to Congress of December 6, 1858, I expressed my opinion in regard to the construction of the act of the 3d March, 1819, "in addition to the acts prohibiting the slave trade," so far as the same is applicable to the present case. From this I make the following extract:

"Under the second section of this act the President is authorized to make such regulations and arrangements as he may deem expedient for the safe-keeping, support, and removal beyond the limits of the United States, of all such negroes, mulattoes, or persons of color captured by vessels of the United States, as may be delivered to the marshal of the district into which they are brought, and to appoint a person or persons residing upon the coast of Africa as agent or agents for receiving the negroes, mulattoes, or persons of color delivered from on board vessels seized in the prosecution of the slave trade by commanders of the United States armed vessels.

"A doubt immediately arose as to the true construction of this act. It is quite clear from its terms that the President was authorized to provide for the safe-keeping, support, and removal' of these negroes up till the time of their delivery to the agent on the coast of Africa; but no express provision was made for their protection and support after they had reached the place of their destination. Still, an agent was to be appointed to receive them in Africa; and it could not have been supposed that Congress intended he should desert them at the moment they were received, and turn them loose on that inhospitable coast to perish for want of food, or to become again the victims of the slave trade. Had this been the intention of Congress, the employment of an agent to receive them, who is required to reside on the coast, was unnecessary, and they might have been landed by our vessels anywhere in Africa, and left exposed to the sufferings and the fate which would certainly await them.

"Mr. Monroe, in his special message of 17th December, 1819, at the first session after the act was passed, announced to Congress what, in his opinion, was its true construction. He believed it to be his duty under it to follow these unfortunates into Africa and make pro

vision for them there until they should be able to provide for themselves. In communicating this interpretation of the act to Congress, he stated that some doubt had been entertained as to its true intent and meaning; and he submitted the question to them, so that they might, should it be deemed advisable, amend the same before further proceedings are had under it.' Nothing was done by Congress to explain the act, and Mr. Monroe proceeded to carry it into execution according to his own interpretation. This, then, became the practical construction."

Adopting this construction of President Monroe, I entered into an agreement with the Colonization Society, dated 7th September, 1858, to receive the Africans which had been captured on the slaver Echo from the agent of the United States in Liberia, to furnish them during the period of one year thereafter with comfortable shelter, clothing, and provisions, and to cause them to be instructed in the arts of civilized life suitable to their condition, at the rate of $150 for each individual. It was believed that within that period they would be prepared to become citizens of Liberia, and to take care of themselves.

As Congress was not then in session, and as there was no outstanding appropriation applicable to this purpose, the society were obliged to depend for payment on the future action of that body. I recommended this appropriation, and $75,000 were granted by the act of 3d March, 1859, (the consular and diplomatic bill,) "to enable the President of the United States to carry into effect the act of Congress of 3d March, 1819, and any subsequent acts now in force for the suppression of the slave trade." Of this appropriation there remains unexpended the sum of $24,350 90, after deducting from it an advance made by the Secretary of the Interior, out of the judiciary fund, of $11,348 10.

I regret to say that, under the mode adopted in regard to the Africans captured on board the Echo, the expense will be large; but this seems, to a great extent, to be inevitable without a violation of the laws of humanity. The expenditure upon this scale for those captured on board the Wildfire will not be less than one hundred. thousand dollars, and may considerably exceed that sum. Still it ought to be observed that during the period when the government itself, through its own agents, undertook the task of providing for captured negroes in Africa, the cost per head was much greater than that which I agreed to pay the Colonization Society.

But it will not be sufficient for Congress to limit the amount appropriated to the case of the Wildfire. It is probable, judging from the increased activity of the slave trade, and the vigilance of our cruisers, that several similar captures may be made before the end of the year. An appropriation ought, therefore, to be granted large enough to cover such contingencies.

The period has arrived when it is indispensable to provide some specific legislation for the guidance of the Executive on this subject. With this view, I would suggest that Congress might authorize the President to enter into a general agreement with the Colonization Society, binding them to receive on the coast of Africa, from an agent

there, all the captured Africans which may be delivered to him, and to maintain them for a limited period, upon such terms and conditions as may combine humanity towards these unfortunates with a just economy. This would obviate the necessity of making a new bargain with every new capture, and would prevent delay and avoid expense in the disposition of the captured. The law might then provide that, in all cases where this may be practicable, the captor should carry the negroes directly to Africa, and deliver them to the American agent there-afterwards bringing the captured vessel to the United States for adjudication.

The capturing officer, in case he should bring his prize directly to the United States, ought to be required to land the negroes in some one or more ports, to be designated by Congress, where the prevailing health throughout the year is good. At these ports cheap but permanent accommodations might be provided for the negroes until they could be sent away without incurring the expense of erecting such accommodations at every port where the capturing officer may think proper to enter. On the present occasion these negroes have been brought to Key West; and, according to the estimate presented by the marshal of the southern district of Florida to the Secretary of the Interior, the cost of providing temporary quarters for them will be $2,500, and the aggregate expenses for the single month of May will amount to $12,000. But this is far from being the worst evil. Within a few weeks the yellow fever will most probably prevail at Key West; and hence the marshal urges their removal from their present quarters at an early day, which must be done, in any event, as soon as practicable. For these reasons I earnestly commend this subject to the immediate attention of Congress. I transmit herewith a copy of the letter and estimate of Fernando J. Moreno, marshal of the southern district of Florida, to the Secretary of the Interior, dated 10th May, 1860, together with a copy of the letter of the Secretary of the Interior to myself, dated 16th May.

It is truly lamentable that Great Britain and the United States. should be obliged to expend such a vast amount of blood and treasure for the suppression of the African slave trade, and this when the only portions of the civilized world where it is tolerated and encouraged are the Spanish islands of Cuba and Porto Rico.

WASHINGTON, May 19, 1860.

The same having been read,

JAMES BUCHANAN.

Ordered, That it be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and printed.

Mr. Hickman, by unanimous consent, submitted the following resolution; which was read, considered, and agreed to, viz:

Resolved, That the Committee on the Judiciary be empowered to print the memorials and the testimony, when taken and to be taken before the said committee, in the Watrous case.

The Speaker having proceeded, as the regular order of business, to call the States and Territories for bills on leave

Bills were introduced, as follows, viz:

By Mr. Somes: A bill (H. R. 750) to establish a uniform system of bankruptcy throughout the United States; which was read a first and second time.

Mr. Somes moved that it be referred to a select committee of five. members.

Pending which,

Mr. Winslow moved that it be committed to a Committee of the Whole House; which motion was disagreed to.

The question then recurred on the motion of Mr. Somes.
Pending which,

On motion of Mr. Olin.

Ordered, That it be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

By Mr. Duell: A bill (H. R. 751) granting bounty land to certain officers and soldiers who have been engaged in the service of the United States; which was read a first and second time, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

By Mr. Fenton: A bill (H. R. 752) granting an invalid pension to Jacob Yates; which was read a first and second time, and referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

By Mr. Babbitt: A bill (H. R. 753) making compensation to J. N. Miller for services in the war of 1812; which was read a first and second time, and referred to the Committee of Claims.

By Mr. Love: A bill (H. R. 754) for the relief of John F. McRae; which was read a first and second time, and referred to the Committee of Claims.

By Mr. Edgerton: A bill (H. R. 755) to authorize the Secretary of War to contract for the paving of a portion of Pennsylvania avenue; which was read a first and second time, and referred to the Committee for the District of Columbia.

By Mr. Brabson: A bill (H. R. 756) granting bounty land to certain soldiers; which was read a first and second time, and referred to the Committee on Public Lands.

By Mr. Avery: A bill (H. R. 757) for the relief of the heirs of Anna Taylor; which was read a first and second time, and referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims.

By Mr. Holman: A bill (H. R. 758) to extend the provisions of an act entitled "An act to provide for certain persons engaged in the land and naval service of the United States in the revolutionary war," approved March 18, 1818, to the officers, soldiers, and musicians of the army, and the officers, mariners, and marines of the navy of the United States during the war of 1812, between the United States. and Great Britain; which was read a first and second time, and referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

On motion of Mr. Stanton, by unanimous consent,

Ordered, That the Committee on Military Affairs be discharged from the further consideration of an estimate for the rent of lands occupied at different periods as military posts, and for wood cut for the use of the army in Texas, and also for wood cut for the use of the troops serving at Monterey, California, and that leave be granted

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