The expenses of the whole year are ascertained and estimated to be - $18,176,141 07 Of these, the expenditures during the first three quarters, are ascertained to have been 13,376,141 07 Viz :-Civil list, foreign intercourse, and miscellaneous 2,827,196 16 Military service, including fortifications, &c. 7,555,819 41 2,929,219 39 Duties refunded 4,756 04 Public debt 59,150 07 $13,376,141 07 The expenditures for the fourth quarter, it is will be 4,800,000 00 Thus leaving on the 1st of January, 1836, subject, however, to the deduction hereafter mentioned, an estimated balance of money on hand equal to 19,147,598 42 This includes what has heretofore been reported as una. vailable funds, now reduced to about $1,100,000, making the computed available balance, on the 1st of January, 1836 18,047,598 00 expected On that are already imposed by Congress, the following charges, by current and permanent appropriations, which have not yet been expended. First, of former appropriations, except those towards the sinking fund, fit is supposed that there will remain unexpended at the close of the present year, the sum of $8,126,794. Of that amount, it is computed that only $7,306,765 will be required to accomplish the objects iniended by them, leaving $344,707 to be applied in aid of the appropriations for the ensuing year, without reappropriations, (as will be seen in the estimates,) and the balance of $475,322 which has not been required, either at all, or seasonably, for the objects contemplated in its appropriation, will, therefore, be carried to the surplus fund. Secondly, on what is properly embraced in the appropriations towards the sinking fund, there is an outstanding charge of about $253,556, for unclaimed interest, and dividends on the funded debt, and of $37,233 for unfunded debt. These, though chargeable on the Treasury, under existing acts of Congress, and subject at any moment to be demanded, are not all likely to be called for immediately, if ever. Computing, however, all the existing charges of every kind on the Treasury, at the end of the present year, to be about $7,595,574, the balance of available funds then un lrand, would, it is estimated, be suffcient to meet the whole at once, and leave, to be hereafter applied by Congress to new and other purposes, the sum of about $10,450,024. The next subject deserving consideration, is the action of this Depart. ment, since the last report, in relation to the final extinguishment of the II.-PUBLIC DEBT. Before the close of the year 1834, ample funds were deposited with the United States Bank, as Commissioner of Loans, to discharge all the public funded debt, which was then outstanding. of the funds so deposited heretofore, and still unclaimed by the public debtors, there remains in the possession of the Bank the sum of $143,570 63 Since the 1st of January, 1835, there has been paid from the Treasury, of interest and diviilends outstanding and before unclaimed on the sunded debt, the sum of 60,000 00 There still remains of the sanie debt, due and unclaimed but ready to be paid whenever demanded, an amount equal to about 253,556 00 Similarly situated is a small unfunded debt of $37,513 05, which may bereafter be claimed, and on which has been paid during the past year only $220 00 It consists of claims registered prior to 1798, for services and supplies during the revolutionary war, equal to 27,437 96 Treasury notes issued during the war of 1812 5,755 00 And Mississippi stock 4,320 09 III.-THE ESTIMATES OF THE PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURES FOR THE YEAR 1836. The receipts into the Treasury froin all sources during the year 1836, are estiinated at - $19,750,000 00 Viz : Customs 15,250,000 00 Public Lands 4,000,000 00 Bank dividends and miscellaneous receipis 500,000 00 To which add the balance of available funds in the Treasury on the first of January, 1936, estimated at $13,047,598, and they make together the suni of 37,797,598 00 The estimates of expenditures, submitted for all specified objects, both ordinary and extraordinary, for the service of 1836, and including the contingent for the usual excesses, aie 23,133,640 00 The expenditures during that year for specified ordinary purposes, are estimated at only 16,756,815 00 l'hus the permanent and new appropriations for those purposes, required for the service of that year, are 16,412,108 00 Under fornier appropriations, there is included in the estimates for 1836, a sum proposed 10 he used for the service of 1836, without reappropriation, equal -10 344,707 00 And these two sums amount to the before-mentioned aggregate of 16,756,815 00 They are divided among the different branches of the public service as follows, viz : new appropriations for civil, foreign intercourse, and miscellaneous itens 3,041,081 00 Military service, pensions, &c 8,602,319 00 Naval service and gradual improvement 4,768,708 00 Previous appropriations to be used for 1836, for civil, &c. $5,192, for military, &c. $339,515. By virtue of former acts of Congress, there will probably be wanted during 1836, for the payment of interest and divi . dends unclaimed on the funded debt, and of unfunded debt itself, yet unpaid, the sum of $50,000. To these add such contingent excesses of new appropriations by Congress sor ordinary purposes, as are not included in the estimates, but which are likely to be deemed proper by that body, and the grounds or which were explained in the last annual report, $3,000,000. The esti. mates of expenditures in 1836, for extraordinary purposes, which are submitted in connection with the military and naval services, amount to $3,326,825. Making, as estimated for the service of 1836, all the new appropria tions of every kind, specifically called for, to be $17,515,933 : and all the expenditures of every kind, for the service of the same year, to be in the aggregate, $23,133,640. On the supposition that the appropriations outstanding and unexpended at the ends of the years 1835 and 1836, will be similar in amount, this kould leave an available balance in the Treasury at the close of the year 1836, or on the first of January, 1837, estimated at about $14,500,000, provided the receipts be as computed, and Congress make no larger ap propriations for extraordinary or other purposes, at their present session, ihan those enumerated in the estimates subinilted. From this amount, after deducting about eight millions, to pay the outsia nding appropriations, to which the Treasury will then probably stand pledged, there will be left, at the close of 1836, a nett balance of only from six lo seven millions applicable to any other use, which Congress may now, or then, be pleased to designate, instead of about ten and a half millions, the neit balance estimated to be left applicable at the close of 1335. In other words, the expenditures will in the ensuing year, for only the ubjects specified in the estimates, probably exceed the receipts in that year, about four millions of dollars, and thus to that extent, reduce the balance now on hand. IV.-EXPLANATIONS OF THE ESTIMATES FOR 1836, WITH SOME SUG GESTIONS ON THE PROBABLE CHANGES TILL 1842. The basis on which the above estimates rest, will now be exhibited and explained. In the peculiar coadition of the country at this time, without any debe to absorb our surplus receipts, and anilst the great changes which have recently bappened, and will probably continue to happen, in our whole revenue and expenditures, till after the essential alterations made by existing laws shall cease in 1842, this Departineut seels bound to enter more inlo detail than usual concerning the grounds of its estimates, and to disclose more fully every material consideration which has led it to-the results presented. Congress will thus be better enabled to judge of their accuracy and to correct any unintentional errors. For convenience in reference, a tabular statement is annexed, which presents separately for 1833, 1834, and 1835, so far as the last is ascertained, the general estimates in one colunin, the actual appropriations in another, aed the expenditures in a third. To these are added, in other columns, the whole revenue, with the exports and the imports for each of those years. For a similar reason, the Register has been requested to have the detailed estimates for 1836 prepared with a second column, showing against each the actual appropriation in 1835 towards a like object. Explanation of the Estimate of Receipts from Customs. In respect to the estimated receipts into the Treasury for 1836 so far as derived from customs, they have been computed on an importation of foreign merchandise, expected 10 be near the average of the last three years ; but much less than the importation of the year ending in Septeinber, 1835. Uncler our present system of revenue, derived us lly in the ratio of three-fourths to six-sevenths from customs, the amount of imports have a very important bearing on our whole receipts. The amount of exports is likewise material, as in some degree influencing the imports, and in the present condition of the country, throwing much light on its great agricultural prosperity, and furnishing, with the others, highly useful indications concerving the extent and increase of our foreign commerce. The imports during the year ending September 30th, 1835, are ascertained and estimated at $151 030,368. They show, compared wilh the preceding year, an increase of $24,509,036 Those during the three past years, have, on an average, been about $128,556,670. The exports during the past year are ascertained and estimated at 8118,955,239 ; of these, $98,531,026 were in domestic, and 8 20,424,213, in foreign products. Compared with the preceding year, they exhibit an increase of $14,618,266, As some evidence that our estimates of the whole importations the en. suing year are founded on correct data, it appears from a document annexed, giving their amount from 1790, that ihey have constantly and sometimes largely fluctuated between particular years, though comparing most lerms of a few consecutive years with former ones they have generally increased. Thus the whole imports during the five years prior to 1835, exceeded those of any former period of siınilar length by nearly fifty millions, except on one occasion, almost thirty years since, when they approached near; and another, about twenty years since, when they exceeded their recent amount; in consequence, at the former period of our extraordinary share in the carrying trade, and at the latter one, of the large demands to supply the deprivations which had been caused by war, and to meet the increased calls of numerous new commercial enterprises, fostered by returning peace. But the very fact of our recent importations having been so large, is one of the causes why a considerable diminutionis the whole amount in 1836 is anticipated. Some further causes will hereafter be specified, in connexion with other considerations, which, it is believed, will tend to produce the same conviction. When we proceed to examine the free or duriable character, rather than the amount of our imports during only a few years past, with a view to estimate more critically the revenue which will probably be received from them in 1836, and to form some general conjectures upon the subject thence forward 10 1842, it is a fact, deserving careful notice, that while the whole amount of imports has for some years heen increasing, that portion paying duties has greatly diminished, and at the same time, the portion exported and entitled to drawback, has not diminished in a similar ratio. A statement is subjoined, which furnishes important details on this point since the late great changes in the tariff The general results from them are, that while the importations paying duties have fullen off in 1833 about eleven millions, and in 1834, seveoteen millions inore, and the free goods increased in even larger proportions, the exportation of dutiable articles has fallen off in the corresponding years only about sis and two millions, leaving the actual consumption in the United States of such foreign merchandise as pays duties at little more than one-third of our whole imports, and quite twenty inillions less than in 1832. This computation, as to the cousumption, is made on the probable hypoihesis, that the stock of such merchandise on hand remained about the same at the close of each year, which, though not correct in some single years, op account of wars and various vibrations in trade, would in any series of a few years be near the truth. The importations, however, in 1835, and especially in the last quarter, as they have been unprecedently large, exceeding, it is computed, in that alone, more than fifty-three millions, and mostly not yet consumed, may be thought to constitute some exception to the above rule ; and hence, coupled with the fact that the relurns are still incomplete, and depend in part on estimates, their amount and character have not been introduced into this comparison. But they are inserted in the table, as far as ascertainable, and if considered without any unusual limitations, or deductions, would show a great fluctuation in the consumption, both of all foreign merchandise and of that which in not free. The rate of duty has in many articles been so essentially reduced, or entirely removed, as to lessen the whole receipts from customs over twentyfour millions in the last two years, and produce most of the above differences in the character of our impuits. With a view to enable Congress to form a just estimate of the probable receipts from customs the ensuing year, there should be made to any changes occasioned by the above causes, such additions and diminutions for the past and the future as are required by the difference, which often bappens between the amount of duties accruing and the amount actually received in any particular year. In some instances this difference happens by large changes in the amount of bounties paid or duties refunded; or, as in 183 by the substitution of cash duties for credits, and by giving short instead of longer credits; and in others, by the bonds due after the commencement of some years, as in 1834, having been larger in amount than in 1835, some having been given for duties on certain articles, which afterwards becaine free, and others having been given for more duties on the same kind and amount of articles before the biennial reduction took effect, than they were subject to afterwards. Without new legislation, however, none of these circumstances, except the last one, can operate much hereafter till 1842; and the effect of that will generally not exceed a quarter of a million of dollars, and is a gain to be felt not till 1837. Another difference arises sometinies from larger collections of old debis due for customs, as when in 1835, but not anticipated in 1836, nearly one quarter of a million has been collected on a single claim, originating as long as ten years ago, independent of many smaller collections on still older claims. The only remaining difference of much importance in our receipts from customs the ensuing year, compared with the last one, will probably result from the biennial reduction in duties of nearly a million of dollars, which the existing laws provide shall take place after the close of the present month. This reduction of duties might, under some circumstances, |