for the inprovement of the mouth of this river was abrogated, and a new arrangement made for carrying on the operations with greater vigor. A cut has now been made, forty-five feet wide, affording five and a half feet water at low tide, which is deemed sufficient for any vessel navigating the river; but from the nature of the sand flat through which the excavation is made, it is feared that the advantages which have resulted from dredging, will not be of long continuance. The present contractor has made every exertion to facilitate the work, and has, encountered many difficulties from the unfavorablevess of the season. 33. Ohio, Mississippi, and Red Rivers. The summer of 1834 was so far advanced when the appropriation for continuing the improvement of the navigation of the Obio, Missouri, and Mississippi rivers was made, that it was impracticable to make the necessary repairs oui the steam snag boats, and get them out of the Ohio river, until a rise of the water in that river in the month ot' November. On the 3d of November, the Archimedes began herope rations at the mouth of the Ohio, and worked up the Mississippi. On the 19th of the same inonth, the Helepolis commenced work at the same place, and worked down the Mississippi. Nine hundred and eighty seven snags were removed froin the bed of the Mississippi, and 12,488 trees were telled from its caving banks, between the 3d of November, 1834, and the 10th of March, 1835, at which time the Hele polis was laid up at St. Louis, Missouri, for safe keeping and repairs, the water being !oo high for her to remove snags. The Archimedes clused her operations in the Mississippi on the 11th of January, 1835, and proceeded up the Red river to assist in the removal of the great raft from its bed, where she remained until the 25th of May last, when she was taken to Louisville, Kentucky, to which place it was necessary for her to go to receive repairs, which has been done. That boat has been at work in the Mississippi river, between the mouth of the Ohio and the Little Prairie, since the 21st of September, and has removed one hundred and three snags up to the 30th of that month. The Hele polis commenced operations at the mouth of tire Missouri river on the 29th of August last, and worked down io the mouth of the Ohio. From that place she ran cown one hundred miles to the Little Prairie, where she again commenced work, and has proceeded down to island No.36. - In the distance, she has worked two hundred and sixty inilus; trom the 29th August to the 30th of September, she has removed three hundred and seventy-two snags, and filled from the banks one hundred and one trees that were on the edge of the banks, and inust have faleninto the river in a few days. The whole number of snags removed from the Mississippi river in the year ending the 30th September, 1835, has been 1,462, a d ?,599 trees felled froin the banks. Nearly a.l the snags ihat have been removed during the last year were from the annual accumulation, occasioned by the talling in banks, changes of channels, and trees rising from the bottom that bave been confined by various calists. The greatest portion of these 312gs were produced by the cavings of the banks, which must continue to be the case until the timber is chared irom them. Extensive experiments have been made in felling the timber from the caving baliks. 'lle result has proved eminently serviceable to the improvement of the navigation, and the preservation of the banks of the river. From the 1st of October to the 13th of November, 1834, the work on the dam at the head of Cumberland island was proceeded with. The channel at that place has been good during the low water of last suinmer, and will not be shual at any time hereafter unless the dam should give way, which now appears to be permanent al secure. No apprehension is entertained of its tai.ure; stillit nay be in cessary to add some rock to it next summer. The other dams on the Ohio river have all answered the purpose for which they were constructed, except that at Three Mile island, near the mouth 67 Green river, which has never yet been ecnipleted, but will be finished in a frw weeks hence. Preparations are all made for the removai of the remainder of the gral raft in Red river, excepi the rebuilding of one of the small steamboais, which will not be finished before the 20th of November. The Souvenir and Java will proceed to the raft about the 15th of November, and the other boat, which is rebuilding, will be taken there as soon as she is ready to : W. 31. Arkansas River, dikansas Territory.-In consequerce of the continued engage ents of the suprintendent charged with carrying on this improvementi, nothing has yet been done towards the application of last year's appropriation. Arrangements have been made, however, to work one of the steam snag-boais belonging to the Mississippi river, for two months during the coming winter, at this place, which, it is believed, will nucli advance the intera sts of its navigntion. 35. C'umberland Riorr.- i'he obstructions to the navigation of this river at the point called Devil's Chute have been removed, with the exưe ption of abent furty yards square of| cock in the middle', which a rise in the river arrested. A wing-lam has been constructed ut line island, from the main, across the island chute; another from the foot of the first island to the head of the second, crossing the keel boat chute; and a third, from the foot of the second island to a small island below; so that the water is confined to the left short along the whole extent of the islands. The steamboat President, sunk in the island chute at this place, has been raised, and a number of snags, logs, roots, &c., liave been cleared out of the channel. The wing-dam at the head of Harpeth shoals has been added to and strengthened, and the one at the foot of the shical completed, and appears to answer the purpose intended. The repair of the dam at Davis's ripple was conme-iced and necessarily suspended from sickness and death among the laburers. All the snags, logs, &c., from Nashville island to Line island, have been removed, and it is anticipated that the obstructions in and near the channel, down to the mouth of the river, will be removed this fall. III. ROADS. 1. Roads from Detroit to Fort Gratiot, aud to the mouth of Grand River in the Territory of Michigan.-The report stating the present condition if these roads has not yet been received.- The first has been completed. 2. Road from Detroit to Chicago.-The appropriation last year was applied in securing as goud a road as was practicable throughout its entire length; contracts were therefore made for constructing the worst part of the road first. In some instances it is merely to be grubbed and rendered even and smooth; in others, to be drained and turnpiked as heretofore; and those sections of the road which were tolerably good in their natural state have been o:nitted. The whole length of the road contracted to be constructed is twenty and a half miles, and is to be completed by the 20th of December, 1835. Bridges have been contracted for over Christian and Crooked creeks, which, when completed, will render that part of the road remaining to be finished last year, passable for vehicles of every description at all seasons of the year. No part of the last appropriation could be spared for the construction of a bridge at Bertranid, over the river St. Joseph's, which will require an additional sum of 84,000, an estimate for which is accordingly presented. 3. Saginaw Road, Michigan Territory.-The section of road put under contract this year passes over the lowest land on the route from Detroit to Saginaw; and the available funds would only authorize ten miles of this road to be put under contract. The road is to be opened one hundred feet wide ; fifty feet of which is to be grubbed and cleared of timber, brush, &c., and, where it passes over swamps and marshes, it is to be causc wayed. A bridge over Cass river is in a state of forwardness, and will be completed this year, as well as all the parts of the road now under construction. 4. Territorial Road from Sheldon to the mouth of St. Joseph's.-Contracts for opening and constructing those parts of this road which most required it were made in December last. Parts of eighty-four and a half miles were put under contract, which, with one or two exceptions, are completed. Bridges over Kalamazoo, in two places, are constructing, as well as over some of ihe small streams on the route. The road is now generally good, and the funds last appropriated have been of great service to the public. 5. Territorial Road from Niles's to the mouth of the river St. Joseph's.-Eighteen and a half miles of this road were put under contract last November, !! Dich comprises nearly al the low land along the line; they are now nearly finished, and will be entirely so before winter. Bridges are constructing over the small streams, but, to complete the road, a bridge is necessary across the Si. Joseplı's at Berriun. 6. Territorial Řoud from Clinton to the rupids of Grand River.-Owing to the lengur of time occupied in locating this road, the sale of contracts for its construction did not tåkt place till about the 1st of May last. Parts of twenty miles, together with two bridges over the river Kaisin, one over Grand river, and seven smaller streams, were then put undt, contract, to be completed by the 1st of the present month, which, it was al.ticipated by the superintendent, would be finished by the tiine fixed. 7. Road from La Plaisance bay to the road leading from Detroit to Chicago.-The whole of this road is either completed or under contract; the contracts to be fulfilled, and the road entirely finished by ihe 31st of December, 1835. Thirty-three miles, wjíh all the bridges, culverts, side drains, &ç., are now completed, and fifteen miles more, embracing the whole length, are in progress of construction. Such of the road as was de on the plan directed in 1833 is now and will continue in fine condition. This road has very essentially contributed to produce the unexampled sale of public lands within the district in which is lies, and is now one of the great thoroughfares for Michigan, Iridiana, and Illinois. 8. Road from Port Lawrence to Allrinn.- This work, originally a territorial road, has had expended on it 89,913 08 of the g 10,000 appropriated towards its construction in 1834. Twenty-one and a half miles have been constructed, principally through a swamp, and some labor bestowed on about four miles more; the balance of the funds will be applicu on those parts most requiring it. 9. Road from Vistula (now Toledo,), westwardly, to the Indiana State line.--Of the 810,000 appropriated by Congress to aid in the construction of this road, 89,446 30 have been expended. Fifty-two miles were put under contract, to have such labor bestowed on them as was deemed sufficient to make the road passable. The contracts on forty-six and a half miles have been fulfilled, and five and a half are yet in progress, to pay for the completion of which the unexpended balance is deemed sufficient. 10. Road fom Line creek to the Chattahoochie river, Alabama.--Forty five niles of this road were completed last December, and are reported to be in good condition ; the remainder of the distance to the Chattahoochie (eighteen miles) has been opened by the citizens of that country. 11. Road from the north boundary line of Florida to Appalachicola, Florida.-The survey of this road not having been finished, nothing has yet been done towards its construction. 12. Road from Memphis to the St. Francis river:-The operations on this road lave been prosecuted as rapidly as circumstances would allow; a space of one hundred and sixty feet wide has been cleared throughout its entire extent, except two and a half miles. A bieadth of thirty-four feet, along a given line, is cleared of all siumps, roots, &c., to receive the embankment. Contracts are made for the whole quantity of embankinen, ܪ amounting to one million twenty-one thousand nine hundred and ninety-four cubic yards as well as for the construction of all the bridges except those over Sand Slough, and some of the more unimportant ones on the east side of Blackfish lake. It is anticipated that the whole cost of the work, when completed, will come within the amount appropriated for its construction. 13. Cumberland Road in Indiana and Illinois.-In Illinois but little was done during the fall and winter of 1834. The continued rains in the spring and early part of the summer, prevented inuch from being done before July: sickness among the laborers caused the operations to linger through the summer. There have been 58,302 cubic yards of earth exeavated, and 56,105 cubic yards made into embankment. There have also been 5,777 rods of road worked upon, soine finished, some partly finished, and the sod only removed from the other. For stone for bridges, culverts, and metalling, there are nine quarries under operation, all yielding fine stone. There have been 6,691 perches of stone quarried, and 2,546 perches of stone hauled to the road side. An arched culvert on the eleventh mile, of fifteen feet span, is under construction. A large quantity of stone has been collected for the bridge over the Kaskaskia, at Vandalia : as large a force as could be procur. ed, has been employed in cutting stone during the year. The operations on the Cumberland road m Indiana, up to the 30th September, 1835, progressed as rapidly, and resulted as favourably as could have been anticipated. There have been 381,512 cubic yards of earth excavated, and 352,596 cubic ya rus made into embankment. Four thousand five hundred and fifty-nine rods have been finished, and are ready for the reception of the metal. Sandstone bas been condemned as unsuitable for the constructions on the road, and the use of lime stone introduced. On the extreme east of the road, the supply of stone will be complete: it will become scarce as it approaches Indianapolis.. From the fitteenth mile west of Indianapolis to the Illinois Slate line, there will be no difficulty in getting all that will be wanted. The Simon's Cretk bridge, and the White Water bridge are completed. A few cuiverts have been built on differení parts of the road. A large supply of stone has been collected for several important bridges. The laborers work without ardent spirits, which they are not allowed to bring to the work. 14. Cumberland Road west of the Ohio.-Considerable progress has been made towards the completion of the road from Zanesville to the Indiana State line. 15. Cumberland Road east of the Ohio.-The quantity of work done on this part of the road, during the year, consists of quarrying, hauling, breaking to four ounces, and putting on the road, two hundred and twenty-tight thousand perches of metal; preparing forty thousand other perches of metal on the side roads ready to put on; delivering iwenty-eight thousand seven hundred perches of stone on the side roads to be broken to four ounces metal; constructing four thousand seven hundred and thirteen perches of masonry, in bridges, culverts and parapet walls ; cutting and laying three thousand six hundred and forty-four fett (running ineasure) of heavy coping; and relaying twelve hundred and seven feet of old coping. Northern boundary of the State of Ohio.- As soon as the officer to whom this duty was assigned had inade the necessary arrangements for the prosecution of the improvement of the Hudson river, this service was resumied, and the observations for determining the line were completed during the summer: this officer has not yet had time to finish his calculations and inake his final report on the subject. Monument to the memory of General Brown.-l'his monument is complete, and in its place. Officers and Agenls, Civil anıl Military, not numed in the Army Register, employed under the Engineer Department Joseph G. Swift, improvements at Big Sodus Bay, and Genesee river, New York, 80 00 per day, and two and a half per cent, on disbursements, hot to exceed $200 per day.. Ezra Crowell, 1Iyannis harbor, Massachusetts, 82 00 perday, and two and a half per cent. on disbursements, not to exceed 82 00 per day. T. M. Clark, Merrimack river, Massachusetts, five per cent. on disbursements. Thomas Buntin, do. do. 82 50 per day for superintevding, B. W. Hale, do. dlo. do. Joseph Bradford, Plymouth beach, five per cent. on disbursements. A. S. Bowley, Provincetown, do. E. Young, do. do, do. S. Dickerson, do. do. do. B. Palmer, Kennebeck river, Maine, do. H. M. Shreve, improving Ohio, Mississippi, Red, and Arkansas rivers, 86 00 per day, and two and a half per cent. on disbursements, not to exceed 82 00 per day. William McKnight, superintending Cumbérland river in the State of Tennessee, 81200 per annum, and two and a half per cent. on disbursements, not to exceed 82 00 per day. John Martin, superintendent of the Road from Line, Creek, Alabama, w the Challaliooo chie, Georgia, 81,000 per annum. du. OPERATIONS OF THE TOPOGRAPHICAL ENGINEERS, During the year ending November, 1835. The topographical and civil engineers have been employed upon, and the funds appropriated for surveys for the year 1935, bave been applied 10, the following objects : 1. An examination of the route for a railroad from Memphis, in Ten. nessee, to the Atlantic ncean. 2. A report and estimate of the cost of the construction of the portage summit of the Ohio canal, that is, the caval from Pittsburg to Lake Erie. 3. Survey with a view to the im. provement of the Cumberland river from Nashville, Tennessee, to the head of navigation in Kentucky. 4. The report of the geological investigations made of the public lands, and of the Territory of Arkansas. 5. A survey of the harbor of St. Joseph's, in the Territory of Michigan. 6. A survey of the harbor at the mouth of Trail creek. 7. A survey of the Delaware river from Newcastle to Port Penn, and a survey of Pea Paich island. These surveys embrace an exposition of all ihe facts necessary in the digesting of a system of the defences in that pass in the river, as well as all those necessary to its navigation. 8. A survey or the Braurywine shoal.—The object of this survey is to determine the hest position on the shoal for the construciinn of a light house. It is a highly important point in the navigation of the Delaware hay, but its exposed situation and the composition of the shoal make it one also of extreme ditficulty in the establishing of a foundation which will endure, and sustain the superstructure for the light. 9. In the drawings and reports of various parts of canal routes across the States of Maine, New Hanipshire, and Vermont, in order to complete a series of surveys for tho same objecis, which had been partially attended to some years since. 10. The drawings and reports of the military defences of parts of the coasts of North and South Caroliva. 11. A survey of a canal route from Cape Fear river, through Wacchina w lake, to the Waccamaw' river, North Carolina. 12. An examination of the construction of the canal around the Muscle shoals of the Tennessee river. 13. An ex”.mi nation of the route for a railroad from Portland, in the State of Maine, 10 Quebec, in Canada. 14. The survey of a route for a railroad froni the Connecticut river, to interseci the Concord railroad in New Hamp. shire, 15. The suivey of a route for a railroad from Boston, in Massachusetts, lo Whitehall in New York. 16 A survey of the harbor of East Thoina ston, in Maine. 17. A survey of the Christiana river from Wilmingtou to the Delaware, with a view to improve the entrance of the Christiana. 18. A .survey of Provincetowo harbor and its vicinity.-The survey of this position, so important in the military defences of the coast east of Cape Cod, and as a point of shelter for our commerce from a pursuing enemy, or from storms, is now completed. 19. The survey of a route for a ship channel around the falls of Niagara, effecting a junction with the two lakes, Erie and Ontario. 20. A survey of the channel between ihe North and South Hero islands, on Lake Champlain. 21. A survey of a route for a road from the Alabama line, by Marianna, to the town of Appalachicola, in Florida. 22. A resurvey of the route of the national road between Springfield, Ohir, and Richmond, Indiana ; also from Springfield, by the way of Dayton and Eaton, to Richmond. 23. A survey of The Maumee river, from its mouth to Maumee city. 24. A survey of the route for a railroad from Detroit to Pontiac. 25. Also the route of a railroart from Detroit to the St. Joseph's river. 26. A survey of the route of a road fruin Chicago to Fort Howard, on Green Bay. 27. A survey of the mouth of Gallean river. 28. A survey of the mouth of Black river. 29. A survey of the mouth of Milwalkeo river. 30. A survey of a railroad from Memphis, Tennessee, to such point on the lines of the States of Virginia avil Tennessee as may be. nest asta pted, in the opinion of the engineer, 10 facilirate the continuarion of the road to the Chesapeake. 31. A survey of a route for a road from the Maumee river, through the northern counties of Indiana, to or near the rapids of the Illinois river, and thence to the Mississippi river, at soine point between Rock Island and Quincy. 32. The survey of the following routes for roads in Indiana :-Laurenceburg and Cudian. apolis railroad; Madison and Lafayette railroad ; Evansville and Terre Haute railroad; Colurbus and Jeffersonville railroad; New Albany aud Vincennes turnpike road; New Albany and Crawfordsville turnpike road. 33. In superinteuding the construction of the aqueduct over the Potomac at Georgetown. 31. In the survey of a railroad from Pensacola, in Florida, to Columbus, Georgia. 35, 10 a continuation of the mineralogical and geological investigations of the public lands, the terri tories, and the Indian country. Civil Engineers, employed under the Topographical Bureau, with the GEOLOGIST. Lands, and of the Territories of Michigan and Arkansas, $6 per CIVIL ENGINEERS. diem, and 10 cents per mile while travelling on dury'. Assis rANT CIVIL ErginEERS. month, and 10 cents per mile while travelling on duty. ployed on fold duties, and $3 per dien while on office duty, and 10 cents per mile while travelling on duty 17. R. Palnier, assistant to Mujor J. Graliain, survering Provincetown haibor, Mass, S3 50 j.er diem while employed on filo duries, and $3 per diem while on office duty, anit 10 cents per mile while travelling: J. P. Baby, surveying in Ohio, Indiana, a nit Illinois, $3 50 per diem while employed on field duties, and y3 per diein while on office dury, anoi 10 cents per mile while travelling on duty. G. O’ Driscoll, assistant to 44. Stansbury, $3 50 per diem while on field duty, 93 per diem while on oíficu duty, and 10 cents per mile, &c. G. IV. Featherstonhaugh, jun, #ssistani 10. J. '. Bailey, $2 50 per diein, and 10 cents per mile while travelling on duty. |