Supplied to Teachers only on written application to KEY TO CASSAL & KARCHER'S GRADU- IT has often been suggested that a KEY' to the Graduated Book of Translating is indispensable, especially where the book is to be used by masters not thoroughly conversant with idiomatic and practical French. To supply this want this Translation of the Junior Course is now published. It is intended for masters only, or for persons who are preparing for public examination without a teacher, and who have to pass the difficult ordeal of translating into French. Two objects have been kept in view by the Translator: 1st, to give the exact and full value of the original texts; 2nd, to render them into good idiomatic French, such as would be used by a native. Literal translation has been adhered to whenever this could be done without impairing the clearness of expression or the purity of style. LONGMANS, GREEN, & CO., 39 Paternoster Row, London New York, and Bombay. PROF. CH. CASSAL, LL.D. UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON, AND ROYAL NAVAL COLLEGE, GREENWICH and PROF. THÉODORE KARCHER, LL.B. ROYAL MILITARY ACADEMY, WOOLWICH, AND DEPARTMENT OF ARTILLERY STUDIES Late Examiners in the University of London, for the NEW IMPRESSION LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON NEW YORK AND BOMBAY 1899 All rights reserved PREFACE to the NEW EDITION. A FEW CHANGES suggested by experience have been introduced in this Edition. Some extracts or tales have been replaced by others. We have, however, retained a number of those where the difficulties are merely idiomatic, in order to introduce the learner at the very outset to this important part of French studies. The number of notes has thus had to be materially increased, especially in the First Part, which is to be used by the very beginners. PREFACE to the FIRST EDITION. OUR long and varied experience in our double capacity of Professors and Examiners has taught us the necessity of beginning very early, even with the youngest students, the practice of translating from English into French. The 'Exercises' which are given in almost all grammars, and which usually contain nothing but detached and unmeaning sentences, have no interest for the pupils, and leave scarcely any impression on their memory. Hence it comes that so many of them are utterly unable to render into tolerable French the simplest English passage, even after five or six years of study and worry. |